Alkene Addition Reactions
Alkene Addition Reactions The General Classification Of Reactions Involving Alkenes Is Addition To The Carbon-carbon Double Bond, Forming Two New Single Bonds. The Term Stereoselective Describes A Reaction Which Gives A Preferred Stereoisomeric Product In Preference To Others That Are Possible From The Reaction, And Many Of The Alkene Addition ...
Alkyl Halides Preparationfrom
Alkyl Halides - Preparation From Alcohols And Alkanes From Alcohols: Reaction Of Alcohols With Hydrogen Halides Produces Alkyl Halidesand Water: Since (halide) Essentially Replaces This Reaction Is Classified As A Substitution Reaction. Also, Since The Substition Involves Electron-rich Particles, It Is Termed Nucleophilic Substitution. A Nucleophile (literally Nucleus-lover) Is An ...
Alkynes
Alkynes Structure: A Carbon-carbon Triple Bond Is Present. The Triply Bonded Carbons Are Sp-hybridized. They Are Named Based Upon The Longest Chain Containing The Carbons Of The Triple Bond, With The Suffix -yne Replacing -ane Of The Alkane Chain. Number The Chain From The End Closest To The First Carbon ...
Conjugation And Resonance
Conjugation And Resonance A Conjugated System Has An Array Of Two Or More Hybridized Atoms. Since Each Atom Has Hybridization, P Orbitals Are Available On Each Of The Atoms Of Of The System, And Overlap Of Electrons In These Orbitals Is Possible. In Allylic Intermediates, Three P Orbitals Exist On ...
Dienes
Dienes Dienes Are Classified As Either Conjugated, Isolated Or Cumulated, Depending On The Structural Relationship Of The Double Bonds. Cumulated Dienes Have The Double Bonds Sharing The Central Carbon. The Simplest Cumulated Diend Has The Common Name Allene. If An Orbital Picture Of Allene Is Made, The Central Carbon Must ...
Elimination Reactions Of Alkyl
Elimination Reactions Of Alkyl Halides Dehydrohalogenation Of Alkyl Halides: Here, Loss Of Hydrogen Halide From An Organic Compound Takes Place. Since Hydrogen Halides Are Strong Acids, Strong Bases Are Typically Used To Bring About This Elimination Reaction. Examples Of The Bases Used Are Koh In Ethanol, In Ethanol Of In ...
Nucleophilic Addition To Aldehydes
Nucleophilic Addition To Aldehydes And Ketones A Major Class Of Reactions Of Aldehydes And Ketones Involves Nucleophilic Addition To The Carbonyl Group. Because Of The Polarization Of The Carbonyl Group, With Partial Positive Charge On Carbon, Nucleophiles Attack The Carbon Of The Carbonyl Group, And An Electrophile. Most Commonly A ...
Reactions Of Alcohols
Reactions Of Alcohols A Review Reaction Is Acid-catalyzed Dehydration To Produce Alkenes. This Is Often By An E1 Mechanism, So Rearrangements Are Common, And Mixtures Of Alkenes Are Often Formed. The Saytzeff Orientation Leads To Predominantly The Most Stable Alkene Possible. Oxidation Reactions: Primary Alcohols Are Oxidized To Aldehydes By ...
Resonance Some Basicrules
Resonance - Some Basic Rules 1. Never Change The Locations Of Atoms In Generating Resonance Structures. Only Change The Position Of Electrons, Those In Lone Pairs Or Pi Bonds. A. When Electrons Of A Pi Bond Are Moved, They Can Only Move Into A Sigma Bond If That Bond Is ...
Structure And Synthesis Of
Structure And Synthesis Of Alcohols Classification Is Based Upon The Type Of Carbon (primary, Secondary Or Tertiary) Bearing The Oh Group. Nomenclature Is As An Alkanol (iupac) Or Alkyl Alcohol (common). The Oh Bearing Carbon Generally Gets The Lower Nomenclature Number In Preference To Alkene, Alkyne, Alkyl Or Halogen. Phenols ...