Constantine Vii
Constantine Vii., Porphyrogenitus ("born In The Purple") (905-9j9), East Roman Emperor, Author And Patron Of Literature, Was The Son Of Leo Vi. The Wise. Though Nominally Emperor From 912-59, He Was Practically Excluded From All Real Share In The Government By Ambitious Relatives Until 945. He Was Poisoned By His ...
Constantine Viii
Constantine Viii. This Title Is Given By Gibbon To The Son Of Romanus I. Lecapenus, One Of The Colleagues Of Constantine Vii. Porphyrogenitus, But It Is Now Generally Bestowed Upon Constan Tine, The Brother And Colleague Of Basil Ii. From 976-1025, Sole Ruler 1025-28. He Gave Himself Up To Pleasure ...
Constantine Vi_2
Constantine Vi., Grandson Of Constantine V., Was Emperor 780-97. At Ten Years Of Age He Succeeded His Father, Leo Iv., Under The Guardianship Of His Mother Irene (q.v.). In 782 The Arabs Under Harun Al-rashid Penetrated As Far As The Bosporus, And Ex Acted An Annual Tribute As The Price ...
Constantine X
Constantine X. Ducas, Emperor 1059-67, Succeeded Isaac I. Comnenus (q.v.). But The Choice Was Not Justified, For Constan Tine, Who Had Shown Himself A Capable Minister, Proved Incompe Tent As An Emperor. He Reduced The Army, Cut Down The Soldiers' Pay, Failed To Keep Up The Supply Of War Material, ...
Constantine
Constantine, King Of The Hellenes (1868-1923), Eldest Son Of George I. And Of The Grand Duchess Olga Constantinova Of Russia, Was Born At Athens On Aug. 2, 1868. The Prince Com Pleted His Education In Germany, Where He Attended The Univer Sity Of Leipzig, Served In The Guards And Studied ...
Constantine_2
Constantine, A City Of Algeria, Capital Of The Depart Ment Of The Same Name, 54 M. By Railway S. By W. Of The Port Of Philippeville, In 36° 22' N., 6° 36' E. Constantine Is The Residence Of A General Commanding A Division, Of A Prefect And Other High Officials, ...
Constantinople
Constantinople, Turkey, Now Called Istanbul, For Merly The Capital Of The Turkish Empire, Situated In 41° O' 16" N. And 28° 58' 14" E. The City Stands At The Southern Extremity Of The Bosporus, Upon A Hilly Promontory That Runs Out From The European Side Of The Straits Towards The ...
Constantius Iii
Constantius Iii. Was Born In Illyria In The Second Half Of The 4th Century A.d. He Fought For Honorius Against Gerontius In Gaul And Spain, Reduced Arles And Captured Constantine The Tyrant. He Was Consul In 414, Defeated Ataulphus And Married Placidia, The Sister Of Honorius. In 421 He Was ...
Constellation
Constellation, In Astronomy The Name Given To Certain Groupings Of Stars (from The Lat. Constellatus, Studded With Stars; Con, With, And Stella, A, Star). From The Earliest Times The Star-groups Known As Constellations, The Smaller Groups (parts Of Constellations) Known As Asterisms, And Also Individual Stars, Have Received Names Connoting ...
Constipation
Constipation, The Condition Of Body. When The Fae'ces Are Unduly Retained, Or There Is Difficulty In Evacuation (see Di Gestive Organs ; And Therapeutics). It May Be Due To Consti Tutional Peculiarities, Sedentary Or Irregular Habits, Improper Diet, Etc. The Treatment Varies With Individual Cases, According To The Cause At ...
Constituency
Constituency, A Political Term For The Body Of Electors Within A Defined Political Area Who Choose A Representative For Parliament Or Other Public Assembly, For The Place Or District So Represented, And For The Residents Therein Generally. ...
Constitution And Constitutional Law
Constitution And Constitutional Law. The Word Constitution Is In Its Modern Sense A Term Which, Orig Inally Generic, Has, Like The Word "parliament" Undergone A Spe Cialization Of Function. In The Time Of Cicero It (constitutio) Is Used Indifferently For A Point In Rhetoric, The Nature Or Form Of The ...
Constitution Of Athens
Constitution Of Athens, A Work Attributed To The Philosopher Aristotle (384-322 B.c.), Forming One Of A Series Of Constitutions, 158 In Number, Which Treated Of The Institutions Of The Various States In The Greek World. The Work Was Extant Until The 7th Century A.d., Or Even Later, But Was Subsequently ...
Constitution
Constitution, The Fundamental System Of Laws Govern Ing A Country. For U. S. Constitution See The Articles United States And Constit'ution And Constitutional Law. ...
Constitution_2
Constitution, A United States Frigate Familiarly Known As "old Ironsides," Is Without Doubt The Most Famous Ship In The Annals Of The American Navy. She Was One Of The First Three Naval Vessels Built By The United States; Designed By Joshua Humphreys Of Philadelphia, Her Keel Was Laid At Hartt's ...
Consuetudinary
Consuetudinary, Customary, Especially In Law, As Opposed To Statutory. As A Noun, A Manual Of The Ritual Customs Of A Particular Monastery, Cathedral Or Religious Order. ...
Consul
Consul, The Title Borne By The Highest Of The Ordinary Magistrates Of Rome During The Republic. The Consulship Arose With The Fall Of The Ancient Monarchy (see Rome : History, Ii.) . The Deep-seated Roman Reverence For The Abstract Conception Of The Magistracy, As Expressed In The Imperium And The ...
Consumer Advertising
Consumer Advertising, Advertising Directed To Those Who Use Or Consume Goods Rather Than To Wholesalers, Re Tailers, Or Others Who Are Interested In Distributing The Goods. Advertising Directed To Distributors Is Called Dealer Advertising. ...
Consumers Surplus
Consumer's Surplus, In Economics, The Excess Which The Purchaser Of An Article Would Be Willing To Pay Over The Price Which He Actually Pays Rather Than Go Without It. Thus, "con Sumer's Surplus" Is An Economic Expression Of The Surplus Satis Faction Which A Bargain Yields To The Purchaser. In ...
Consumption
Consumption, In Economics, Means Much More Than The "destroying" Or "consuming" Which Is The Literal Meaning Of The Word (lat. Consumere). The Economist Means By Consumption The Utilization Of Services Or Material Goods For The Gratification Of Human Beings. This Is Not Destruction, For That Implies Failure To Satisfy Wants. ...
Consus
Consus, An Ancient Italian Deity, Cult-partner Of Ops (q.v.). The Time At Which His Festival Was Held (after Harvest And Seed Sowing), The Nature Of Its Ceremonies And Amusements, His Altar At The End Of The Circus Maximus Always Covered With Earth Except On Such Occasions, All Point To His ...
Contango
Contango, A Stock Exchange Term For The Rate Of Interest Paid By A "bull" Who Has Bought Stock For The Rise And Who, When The Settlement Arrives, Is Unable Or Unwilling To Take It Up And Pay For It. He Arranges To "carry Over" Or "continue" His Bar Gain, And ...
Contarini
Contarini, A Distinguished Venetian Family, Who Gave To The Republic Eight Doges And Many Other Eminent Citizens. The Story Of Their Descent From The Roman Family Of Cotta, Appointed Prefects Of The Reno Valley (whence Cotta Reni Or Conti Del Reno), Is Probably A Legend. One Mario Contarini Was Among ...
Conte
Conte, Literally A "story," Is A Word So Frequently Used In English Literary Criticisms That Some Definition Of It Seems To Be Demanded. A Conte, In French, Differs From A Rgicit Or A Rapport In The Element Of Style; It May Be Described As An Anecdote Told With Deliberate Art, ...
Contempt Of Court
Contempt Of Court, In English Law, Any Disobedience Or Disrespect To The Authority Or Privileges Of A Legislative Body, Or Interference With The Administration Of A Court Of Justice. ...
Continent
Continent, A Term Used In Physical ,geography For The Larger Continuous Masses Of Land, Namely: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Europe And Australia In The Order Of Their .size. See Continents, Origin Of ; Continental Shelf. ...
Continental Caoutchouc And Gutta
Continental Caoutchouc And Gutta Percha Company. This Rubber Company Was Founded In Hanover, With A Capital Of 900,00o Marks, In Oct. 1871. Owing To Difficulties In Construction, Etc., The Actual Work Of The Com Pany Was Not Begun Until Sept. 1873. The First Full Year Was 1874, When A Loss ...
Continental Illinois National Bank
Continental Illinois National Bank And Trust Company Of Chicago, Chartered Oc Tober 15, 1932, Under The National Bank Act, Succeeded The Continental Illinois Bank And Trust Company, Chartered Under The Laws Of The State Of Illinois, Through An Exchange Of Stock, Share For Share. The Present Bank Represents A Union, ...
Continental Shelf
Continental Shelf, The Term In Physical Geography For The Submerged Platform Upon Which The Continental Areas Stand In Relief. The Volume Of The Hydrosphere Is A Little Too Great For The True Ocean Basins, And It Runs Over, Covering The Borders Of The Continents. If A Medal Be Partly Sunk ...
Continental System
Continental System, The Name Given To Napoleon's Design For Paralysing Great Britain Through The Destruction Of Her Commerce. By The Berlin Decree (nov. 21, 1806) And The Milan Decree (dec. 17, 1807) He Declared Great Britain To Be In A State Of Blockade, And Forbade Either Neutrals Or French Allies ...
Continuation Schools Day And
Continuation Schools (day And Evening). Early In The 19th Century, It Came To Be Recognized In Great Britain That The Existing Elementary Schools Could No Longer Satisfy The National Educational Needs, Which Had Increased Considerably Through The Immense Social And Economic Changes Brought About By The Indus Trial Revolution : ...
Continued Fractions
Continued Fractions. An Expression Of The Form Regular Continued Fractions.—the Type Of Continued Frac Tion Of Most Practical Interest And Importance Is The Simple Or Regular Continued Fraction, Which Is The Fraction Of The Type -}- I I I • Where ... Are All Positive Integers. Any Positive Number Less ...
Continuity
Continuity. Let F (x) Be A Function Of X Defined In A Domain D, Where D Is Either An Interval For A Real Variable X Or A Region For A Complex Variable X; And Let X=a Be A Point Of D So That F (a) Is A Defined Value Of ...
Continuous Waves
Continuous Waves, In Radio Communication, Alternat Ing Electric Waves In Space, Of Constant Amplitude And Frequency. They Are Produced By Certain Types Of Radio Transmitting Sets, The Waves Being Made The "carrier" Of The Desired Intelligence By Mod Ulating Them By An Appropriate Method. ...
Contour Line Contour
Contour, Contour Line, A Line Drawn Upon A Map Through All The Points Upon The Surface Represented That Are Of Equal Height Above Sea-level. The Word Is French And Means Gen Erally "outline," From The Med. Lat. Contornare, To Round Off. The Points Mentioned Lie Upon A Horizontal Plane At ...
Contraband
Contraband, A Term Denoting Commodities The Import Or Export Of Which Is Prohibited By Law. With The Development Of Neutrality (q.v.) It Was Extended To Those Commodities Which The Subjects Of Neutral States Were Forbidden To Supply To Bellig Erents. These Became Known As "contraband Of War." Under The British ...
Contract Bridge
Contract Bridge, Which, Since 193o, Has Won A World Wide Popularity Unequalled In The History Of Cards, Is The Fourth In A Succession Of Card Games Of Which The Basic Game Is Whist. In Contract Bridge, Two Pairs Of Players, As Partners, Compete For Tricks, As In Whist ; The ...
Contract Note
Contract Note. A Document Issued By A Stockbroker To His Client, Giving Details Of The Sale Or Purchase Of Stock On The Client's Account. In The Case Of The London Stock Exchange, A Typical Contract Note Shows The Cost Of The Shares, The Cost Of The Government Stamp Duty Required ...
Contract
Contract, The Legal Term For A Bargain Or Agreement; Some Writers, Following The Indian Contract Act, Confine The Term To Agreements Enforceable By Law : This, Though Not Yet Univer Sally Adopted, Seems An Improvement. Enforcement Of Good Faith In Matters Of Bargain And Promise Is Among The Most Important ...
Contractile Vacuole
Contractile Vacuole, In Biology, A Spherical Space Filled With Liquid, Which At Intervals Discharges Into The Medium ; It Is Found In All Fresh-water Groups Of Protozoa (q.v.), Also In The Naked Aquatic Reproductive Cells Of Algae And Fungi. It Is Absent In States With A Distinct Cell-wall To Resist ...
Contralto
Contralto, The Term For The Low Est Variety Of The Female Voice, As Dis Tinguished From The Soprano And Mezzo Soprano. Originally It Signified, In Choral Music, The Part Next Higher Than The Alto, Given To The Falsetto Counter-tenor. ...
Contrapuntal Forms
Contrapuntal Forms, In Music. The Forms Of Music May Be Con Sidered In Two Aspects, The Texture Of The Music From Moment To Moment And The Shape Of The Musical Design As A Whole. Historically The Texture Of Music Became Definitely Organized Long Before The Shape Could Be Determined By ...
Contrast
Contrast, A Term Used In Psychological Discussion To Designate The Tendency Of A Given Mental Phenomenon To Arouse Or To Encourage Its Opposite. Contrast Has Been Alleged As One Basis Of "idea Association," But Its Most Definite Demonstrations Are Found In The Domain Of Sensation, Particularly Vision. The Action May ...
Contredanse
Contredanse, A Dance Derived From The English Country Dance, Whence Also It Takes Its Name, Which Enjoyed Much Popu Larity Both In France And Germany During The 18th Century And Later. Although The Derivation Of The Name Has Been Disputed, It Is Confirmed By The Character Of The Dance Itself, ...
Contreras
Contreras, A Hamlet About Eight Miles S.w. Of The City Of Mexico. It Was In The Vicinity Of This Small Town That Maj Gen. Winfield Scott, With Some 4,200 American Troops Of His Column In The Southern Campaign Of The War Between Mexico And The United States (1846-48) Encountered First ...
Contrexeville
Contrexeville, A Watering-place Of North-eastern France, In The Department Of Vosges, On The Vair, A Tributary Of The Meuse, 39 M. W. Of Epinal By Rail. Pop. (1931) 1,010. Its Mineral Springs Became Generally Known Towards The End Of The 18th Century, And Were Developed After 1864 By The Societe ...
Control
Control, That Which Checks Or Regulates Anything (fr. Controle, Older Form Contre Rolle, A Counter Roll Or Copy Of A Docu Ment Used To Check The Original), And So Especially Command Of Body Or Mind By The Will, And Generally The Power Of Regulation. In England The "board Of Control," ...
Controlled Establishments
Controlled Establishments. Controlled Es Tablishments (1915-1918) Were Factories Mobilized In Great Britain Under The Munitions Of War Act, Passed In July 1915, Shortly After The Ministry Of Munitions Was Set Up. Under This Act, And The Amending Statute Passed In Jan. 1916, The Minister Of Munitions Had Power To Make ...
Controlling Interest
Controlling Interest, A Financial Term Having Two Significations : A Person Or Group Of Persons Who Own 5 I % Or More Of The Voting Stock Of A Corporation And Who Could Thereby Control Stockholders' Meetings; And, (2) A Person Or Group Of Persons Who Either By Ownership Or Proxy ...
Contumacy
Contumacy, A Stubborn Refusal To Obey Authority, Obsti Nate Resistance ; Particularly, In Law, The Wilful Contempt Of The Order Or Summons Of A Court (see Contempt Of Court). In Ec Clesiastical Law, The Contempt Of The Authority Of An Ecclesiastical Court Is Dealt With By The Issue Of A ...
Conundrum
Conundrum. Originally A Term Meaning Whim, Fancy Or Ridiculous Idea ; Later Applied To A Pun Or Play Upon Words, And Thus To A Particular Form Of Riddle In Which The Answer Depends On A Pun. The Word Is Also Used Of Any Puzzling Question Or Difficulty. ...
Convection
Convection, The Transference Of A Mass Of Fluid Against The Force Of Gravity. If A Fluid Is Heated From Below It Becomes Less Dense Than The Super-incumbent Fluid And Rises, The Latter Falling And Taking Its Place. This Motion Involves An Upward Transfer Of Heat And Is Quite Distinct From ...
Convenience Goods
Convenience Goods, A Name Applied In The United States To A Large Class Of Articles Which, Whatever The Source, Are So Similar In Quality That Consumers Will Accept Them Without Making Any Effort To Enquire Into Them Or To Compare Values. (see Standardization.) ...
Convent
Convent, A Term Applied To The Body Of Persons Associated Together In A Monastery, Whose Official Designation Is "the Abbot (or Prior, Etc.) And Convent" Of The Place In Question (lat. Con Ventus, From Convenire, To Come Together) . The Popular Use Of The Word For A Nunnery, As Distinct ...
Convention
Convention, A Word Of Very Various Meanings, But Al Ways Conveying The Sense Of Its Latin Original (conventio, From Convenire, To Come Together). Thus It May Mean A Meeting Or Assembly; An Agreement Between Parties; A General Agreement On Which Is Based Some Custom, Institution, Rule Of Behaviour Or Taste, ...
Conversano
Conversano, A Town And Episcopal See Of Apulia, Italy, Province Of Bari, 17m. S.e. By Rail From The Town Of Bari. Pop. (town), 15,146 (commune). It Has A Fine Southern Romanesque Cathedral Of The End Of The 1 1 Th Century (the Interior Was Destroyed By Fire In 1912) And ...
Conversion
Conversion, A General Term For The Operation Of Convert Ing, Changing Or Transposing; Used Technically In Special Senses In Logic, Theology And Law. (lat. Conversio, From Convertere, To Turn Or Change.) In Logic, Conversion Is One Of Three Chief Methods Of Immediate Inference By Which A Conclusion Is Obtained Directly ...
Convex
Convex, The Exterior Of A Rounded Surface As Opposed To "concave." (see Optics.) ...
Conveyance
Conveyance, The Act Of Conveying Or Transporting Any Thing. The Word Is Now Used In Three Special Senses: (i ) A Car Riage Or Other Means Of Transport; (2) In Law, The Transference Of Property By Deed Or Writing Between Living Persons; And (3) The Written Instrument By Which Such ...
Conveyors In Mass Production
Conveyors In Mass Production Of Manufac Tured Articles Of Different Kinds Were Used In Non-mechanical Industries Long Before The Development Of Modern Manufacturing Made It Profitable To Consider Their Use. An Indication Of Their Age May Be Had From A Book On Millwrighting, Published In Philadelphia By Oliver Evans In ...
Convict
Convict, A Term Of Somewhat Loose Signification Technically Applicable To Anyone Who Has Been Adjudged Guilty Of A Criminal Offence By A Court Of Competent Jurisdiction. Specifically And In Common Parlance It Is Confined To One Who Has Been Convicted Of What Is Known In England As An "indictable Offence," ...
Convocation
Convocation, An Assembly Of Persons Met Together In Answer To A Summons. The Term (from Lat. Convocatio, A Calling Together), Is Applied To Assemblies Of The Clergy Or Of The Gradu Ates Of Certain Universities, And In England To An Assembly Of The Spirituality Or Clergy Of The Realm, Summoned ...
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulaceae, A Botanical Family Belonging To The Tube-flowered Series Of The Group Of Dicotyledons Having Joined Petals. It Contains About 5o Genera With More Than I,000 Species, And Is Found In All Parts Of The World Except The Coldest, But Is Best Developed In Tropical Asia And Tropical America. The ...
Convoy
Convoy, A Term Given To Troops Or Warships Acting As Escort To Supplies Or Merchantmen Respectively. Sometimes It Was Ap Plied To The Things Escorted, E.g., "the Baltic Convoy." In Early Days There Was Little To Distinguish An Armed Merchantman From A Man-of-war. All Merchantmen Were More Or Less Armed. ...
Convulsions
Convulsions, The Pathological Condition Of Body Asso Ciated With Abnormal, Violent And Spasmodic Contractions And Relaxations Of The Muscles, Taking The Form Of A Fit. Convulsions May Be A Symptom Resulting From Various Diseases, E.g., In Uraemia, Eclampsia, Rabies, Tetanus, Hysteria, Epilepsy, Strychnine Poison Ing, Cerebral Tumour And Diseases. They ...
Conway
Conway, A City In Central Arkansas, U.s.a., 3om. N.w. Of Little Rock, On The Missouri Pacific Railroad; The County Seat Of Faulkner County. The Population In 193o Was 5,534.. It Is The Trading And Shipping Centre Of A Rich Cotton-growing, Farming And Dairying Country, And The Seat Of Central College ...
Conwy Or Aberconwy Conway
Conway, Conwy Or Aberconwy, Municipal Bor Ough, Carnarvonshire, Wales, 14m. By The L.m.s.r. From Bangor. Pop. (1931) 8,769. The River Crossing On The North Wales Coastal Route Has Been Important From Early Times. Caerhun, 4-im. From The Present Town, Is On The High Road From London To Holyhead And Is ...
Cony Or Coney
Cony Or Coney, A Name Originally Applied To The Rabbit And Still Sometimes Used For That Animal, Notably In The Fur Trade. The Cony Of The Bible, However, Is A Very Different Beast (see Hyracoidea), Which, Although Superficially Rodent-like, Is A Hoofed Animal Of Dubious Affinities, And Is Better Termed ...
Cooch Behar Or Kuch
Cooch Behar Or Kuch Behar, A State Of India, In Bengal, Consisting Of A Submontane Tract Entirely Surrounded By British Territory. Area, 1318 Square Miles. Pop. (1921) 592,489; Estimated Revenue 3,867,000 Rupees. The State Forms A Level Plain Of Triangular Shape, Intersected By Numerous Rivers. The Greater Portion Is Fertile ...
Cookery
Cookery. The Art Of Preparing And Dressing Food Of All Sorts For Human Consumption, Of Converting The Raw Materials, By The Application Of Heat Or Otherwise, Into A Digestible And Pleasing Condition, And Generally Ministering To The Satisfaction Of The Ap Petite And The Delight Of The Palate. Ancient Cookery.—it ...
Cookstown
Cookstown, Market Town, Co. Tyrone, 531 M. W. By N. Of Belfast On The L.m.s. And Great Northern Of Ireland Railway. Population Of Urban District (1926) 3,555. It Was Founded In 16o9 By The Landlord, Allan Cook. It Has Long Been Concerned In The Linen Industry. ...
Cooktown
Cooktown, A Seaport Of Banks County, Queensland, Aus Tralia, Opposite A Gap In The Eastern Cordillera At The Mouth Of The Endeavour River, About 1,osom. N.n.w. Of Brisbane. In 177o Captain Cook Here Beached His Ship The "endeavour," To Repair The Damage Caused By Striking A Reef Near The Estuary. ...
Coolidge Tube
Coolidge Tube, An X-ray Tube With A Hot Cathode (q.v.) (see Also X-rays, Nature Of). ...
Coolie
Coolie, A Term Applied Generally To Asiatic Unskilled Labour Ers And Specially To Indian Or Chinese Emigrants Of This Class. In Many Tropical Countries, Where The Needs Of The Existing Popula Tion Were Few And Simple, And There Was An Abundance Of Fertile Land Open To Its Use, It Was ...
Cooling Effect
Cooling Effect, The Drop In Temperature Of A System Whose Internal Potential Energy Is Increased Without Heat Being Absorbed From Outside Is The Joule-thomson Cooling Effect. (see Energy : Conservation Of Energy; And Thermodynamics.) ...
Cooling Systems
Cooling Systems. In Certain Industrial Processes Cool Ing Has To Be Effected To Render The Working Of An Engine Or Machine Practicable. All The Internal-combustion Engines Generate Such Heat In The Cylinder That Unless Cooled The Lubricating Oil Would Burn Up, Pistons And Other Parts Would Seize, And Unequal Expansions ...
Cooma
Cooma: See Alps, Australian. Is An Adaptation Of The Old Spanish Game Of Conquian—derived From The Spanish Word Conquien, "with Whom." The Game Was Taken Over By The Spaniards To Mexico, Where It Is Played At The Present Time Under The Slightly Altered Name Of "conquain." There Is No Record ...
Cooper Union
Cooper Union, A Unique Educational And Charitable In Stitution "for The Advancement Of Science And Art" In New York City. It Is Housed In A Brownstone Building In Astor Place, Be Tween 3rd And 4th Avenues Immediately N. Of The Bowery, And Was Founded In 1857-1859 By Peter Cooper, And ...
Cooperage
Cooperage. The Trade Of Making Casks Of Staves And Hoops. The Term Is Also Applied To The Factory Where Casks Are Made. The Word Is From "cooper," A Maker Of Casks, Derived From Such Forms As Mid. Dutch Caper, Ger. Kiif Er, Lat. Cuparius; The Same Root Is Seen In ...
Cooperstown
Cooperstown, A Village Of New York, U.s.a., 8om. W. Of Albany, At The Foot Of Otsego Lake, Where The Susquehanna River Emerges From It, I , 2oof T. Above Sea-level; The County Seat Of Otsego County. It Is Served By The Delaware And Hudson And The Southern New York (electric) ...
Coorg
Coorg, A Province Of India, Administered By A Commissioner, Subordinate To The Governor-general Through The Resident Of Mysore, Who Is Officially Also Chief Commissioner Of Coorg. A Leg Islative Council With Five Nominated And Fifteen Elected Members, Was Set Up In 1923. Coorg (an Anglicized Corruption Of Kodagu, Said To ...
Coot
Coot, A Bird Of The Genus Fulica, Belonging To The Family Rallidae Or Rails. The European Coot (fulica Atra) Breeds Abund Antly In Many Of The Larger Inland Waters Of The Northern Parts Of The Old World, In Winter Resorting To River Mouths Or Shallow Bays Of The Sea. Hunted ...
Copaiba Or Copaiva
Copaiba Or Copaiva, An Oleo-resin—sometimes Termed A Balsam—obtained From The Trunk Of The Copaifera Lansdorfii (family Leguminosae) And From Other Species Of Copaifera In The West Indies And Amazon Valley. It Is A Viscous Transparent Liquid, Occasionally Fluorescent And Light Yellow To Pale Golden In Colour. The Odour Is Aromatic ...
Copal
Copal, A Hard Lustrous Resin, Varying In Hue From An Almost Colourless Transparent Mass To A Bright Yellowish-brown, Having A Conchoidal Fracture, And, When Dissolved In Alcohol, Spirit Of Turpentine, Or Other Suitable Menstruum, Forming A Valuable Varnish. Copal Is Obtained From A Variety Of Sources; The Term Is Vaguely ...
Copalite Or Copaline
Copalite Or Copaline, Also Termed "fossil Resin" And "highgate Resin," A Naturally Occurring Organic Substance Found As Irregular Pieces Of Pale-yellow Colour In The London Clay At Highgate Hill. It Has A Resinous Aromatic Odour When Freshly Broken, Volatilizes At A Moderate Temperature, And Burns Readily With A Yellow, Smoky ...
Copan
Copan, A Ruined City Of Honduras, Located Near The Guate Malan Border And On The Copan River, A Tributary Of The Motagua. The Ancient City, Buried Under Vegetation And Alluvial Deposits, Is Cut Through By The River, So That The Banks Give A Vertical Sec Tion Of Centuries Of Life ...
Coparcenary
Coparcenary, In Law, The Descent Of Lands Of Inheri Tance From An Ancestor To Two Or More Persons Possessing An Equal Title To Them. It Arose Either By Common Law, As Where An Ancestor Died Intestate, Leaving Two Or More Females As His Co-heir Esses, Who Then Took As Coparceners ...
Cope
Cope [med. Lat. Cappa], A Liturgical Vestment Of The West Ern Church. The Word "cope," Now Confined To This Sense, Was In Its Origin Identical With "cape" And "cap," And Was Used Until Comparatively Modern Times Also For An Outdoor Cloak, Whether Worn By Clergy Or Laity. This, Indeed, Was ...
Copenhagen
Copenhagen, The Capital Of Denmark (danish Kj¢ben Havn), On The East Coast Of The Island Of Zealand (sjaelland) At The Southern End Of The Sound, In 5 5 ° N., 1 2 ° 35' E. Pop. (193o) 617,069; Including Frederiksborg And Gentofte, 771,168. The Nucleus Of The City Is Built ...
Copiapo
Copiapo, A City Of Northern Chile, Capital Of The Province Of Atacama, About 35m. From The Coast On The Copiapo River. Pop. (1930), 10,747. The Caldera And Copiapo Railway (built 1848-51 And One Of The First In South America) Extends Beyond Copiapo To The Chanarcillo Mines (5om.) And Other Mining ...
Coping
Coping, In Architecture, A Capping Or Covering For The Top Of A Wall, To Prevent The Entrance Of Water. In Those Countries And Times In Which Parapets Are Common, Coping Design Becomes Of Great Importance ; Especially In Gothic Work, Where Copings Are Usually Of Stone With A Steeply Sloped, ...
Coppee
Coppee, Francois (1842-1908), French Poet And Novelist, Was Born In Paris On Jan. 12, 1842. After Passing Through The Lycee Saint-louis He Became A Clerk In The Ministry Of War, And From 1878 To 1884 Was Archivist To The Comedie Francaise. Meanwhile He Had Made A Reputation As A Poet, ...
Copper
Copper, A Metal Which Has Been Known To And Used By The Human Race From The Most Remote Periods. Its Alloy With Tin (bronze) Was The First Metallic Compound In Common Use By Man Kind, And So Extensive And Characteristic Was Its Employment In Prehistoric Times That The Epoch Is ...
Copperas
Copperas (fr. Couperose; Lat. Cupri Rosa, The Flower Of Copper), Green Vitriol, Or Ferrous Sulphate, Having A Bluish-green Colour And An Astringent, Inky And Somewhat Sweet Ish Taste. It Is Used In Dyeing And Tanning, And In The Manufacture Of Ink. (see Iron.) ...
Copperhead
Copperhead (trigonocephalus Contortrix), An American Snake Allied To The Rattlesnake (q.v.). ...
Copperheads
Copperheads, An American Political Epithet, Applied By Union Men During The Civil War To Those Men In The North Who, Deeming It Impossible To Conquer The Confederacy, Were Earnest Ly In Favour Of Peace And Therefore Opposed To The War Policy Of The President And Of Congress. The Term Originated ...
Coppermine
Coppermine, A River Of Mackenzie District, Canada, About 475m. Long, Rising In A Small Lake In Approximately I Io° 20' W. And 65° 5o' N., And Flowing South To Lake Gras And Then North Westward To Coronation Gulf In The Arctic Ocean. ...
Coppersmith
Coppersmith, In Zoology, A Bird (xantholaema Haema Tocephala) Belonging To The Barbet Family (capitonidae) And Deriving Its Name From Its Metallic Note. About The Size Of A Spar Row, The Coppersmith, Which Inhabits India, Has Green Plumage With A Red And Yellow Head. The Allied Tinker (barbutula Pusilla), Inhabits South ...
Coppice Or Copse
Coppice Or Copse. A Small Plantation Of Trees Which Are Cut Periodically For Use Or Sale, Before The Trees Grow Into Large Timber. The Produce Is Employed For Hurdle, Crate And Basket-making, Hop Poles And Many Other Purposes. Whether Naturally Or Artificially Grown The Produce Is Looked On By The ...
Copra
Copra, The Dried, Broken Kernel Of The Coconut, From Which Coco-nut Oil Is Extracted By Boiling And Pressing. Copra Is The Form In Which The Product Of The Coco-nut Is Exported For Com Mercial Purposes. It Is Dried In The Sun Or In Kilns To Prevent Putrefaction. The Oil Is ...