Geology
Geology, In The Broadest Sense, Has For Its Object The Elucidation Of The History Of The Earth And Its Living Inhabitants. For Practical Purposes, However, It Is Necessary To Adopt Somewhat Arbitrary Limitations. The Earliest Stages In The Development Of The Earth Belong To Astronomy And Cosmogony, Whereas, At The ...
Geometric Period
Geometric Period, In Architecture, The Earlier Of The Two Sections Into Which The Decorated Period (q.v.) Of English Gothic (see Gothic Architecture) Is Usually Divided, Compris Ing Roughly, The Last Half Of The 13th Century. ...
Geometry
Geometry, One Of The Three Principal Branches Of Mathe Matics (the Other Two Being Algebra And Analysis), May Be De Scribed As The Branch Which Deals With The Properties Of Space. Its Most Elementary Part Is Known To Every Schoolboy Under The Name Of Plane And Solid Geometry, The Former ...
Geophysics
Geophysics, The Science Of Earth Physics, Derived From The Greek 7) (earth) And Rl Cobots (nature). In The Broadest Sense Geophysics Deals Not Only With The Physical Properties And Forces Of The Solid Earth (lithosphere) But Also With Those Of Its Liquid (hydrosphere) And Gaseous Envelopes (atmosphere). It Includes, Therefore, ...
Georg Gottfried Gervinus
Gervinus, Georg Gottfried Ger Man Historian And Shakespearian Commentator, Was Born On May 20, 1805 At Darmstadt. He Studied At Giessen And At Heidelberg, Where He Attended The Lectures Of Schlosser. In 1830 He Became Privatdozent At Heidelberg, And In 1835 Professor Of History At Gottingen. His Geschichte Der Poetischen ...
George Gascoigne
Gascoigne, George (c. English Poet, Eldest Son Of Sir John Gascoigne Of Cardington, Beds., Was Born Probably Between 1530 And 1535. He Was Educated At Trinity College, Cambridge, And Became A Member Of Gray's Inn In His Escapades Were Notorious ; He Was Imprisoned For Debt, And Was Obliged To ...
George Gershwin
Gershwin, George (1898-1937), American Composer, Prominently Identified With Music Of The Jazz Type, Was Born In Brooklyn, New York City, On Sept. 26, 1898. Though He Had Already Written The Music For Eight Musical Comedies, And Various Other Works, It Was His Rhapsody In Blue, An Elaborate Composition For Piano ...
George Gillespie
Gillespie, George (1613-1648), Scottish Divine, Was Born At Kirkcaldy, Where His Father, John Gillespie, Was Parish Minister, On Jan. 21, 1613, And Was Educated At The University Of St. Andrews. He Was Acting As Private Chaplain To The Earl Of Cassillis When He Wrote His First Work, A Dispute Against ...
George Glas
Glas, George (1725-1765), Scottish Seaman And Mer Chant Adventurer In West Africa, Son Of John Glas (q.v.), Was Born At Dundee In 1725. He Commanded A Ship Which Traded Between Brazil, The North-west Coasts Of Africa And The Canary Islands. During His Voyages He Discovered On The Sahara Seaboard A ...
George I
George I. (george Louis) (166o-1727), King Of Great Britain And Ireland, Born In 166o, Was Heir Through His Father Ernest Augustus To The Hereditary Lay Bishopric Of Osnabruck, And To The Duchy Of Calenberg, Which Formed One Portion Of The Hanoverian Possessions Of The House Of Brunswick, Whilst He Secured ...
George Ii
George Ii. (george Augustus) (1683-1760, King Of Great Britain And Ireland, The Only Son Of George I., Was Born In 1683. In 1705 He Married Wilhelmina Caroline Of Anspach. In 1706 He Was Created Earl Of Cambridge. In 1708 He Fought At Oude Narde. It Was Most Unwillingly That, On ...
George Iii
George Iii. (george William Frederick), King Of Great Britain And Ireland, Was Born June 4 (new Style), 1738, The Son Of George Ii.'s Eldest Son Frederick, Prince Of Wales, And Of Augusta, A Princess Of Saxe-gotha. Almost From Birth He Was Introduced To The Ungainly Squabbles That Divided His Father ...
George Ii_2
George Ii. ), King Of The Hellenes, Eldest Son Of King Constantine, Was Born On July 20, 1890 At Tatoi, The Royal Villa Near Athens. On Account Of His Supposed Germanophile Ten Dencies During The World War, He Was Excluded From The Succes Sion By The Allies In Favour Of ...
George Iv
George Iv. [george Augustus Frederick] (1762-183o), King Of Great Britain And Ireland, Eldest Son Of George Iii., Was Born At St. James's Palace, London, On Aug. 12, 1762. He Was Naturally Gifted, Was Well Taught In The Classics, Learnt To Speak French, Italian And German Fluently, And Had Considerable Taste ...
George I_2
George I. (1845-1913), King Of The Hellenes, Was The Second Son Of Christian Ix. Of Denmark, And Brother Of Queen Alexandra Of England. He Was Nominated For The Greek Throne By The British Government, At The Request Of The Greek National Assembly, On The Expulsion Of King Otto I. In ...
George Of Laodicea
George Of Laodicea In Syria, Often Called "the Cappadocian," From 356 To 361 Arian Archbishop Of Alexandria, Was Born Probably At Epiphania, In Cilicia. After Many Wander Ings, In Which He Amassed A Fortune, First As An Army-contractor And Then As A Receiver Of Taxes, He Reached Alexandria, Where In ...
George Of Trebizond
George Of Trebizond Greek Philo Sopher And Pioneer Of The Revival Of Letters In The West, Was Born In The Island Of Crete. In Italy, He Learned Latin From Vittorino Da Feltre. His Reputation As A Teacher And A Translator Of Aris Totle Was Very Great, And He Was Selected ...
George Pisida
George ]pisida (georgios Pisides), Byzantine Poet, Born In Pisidia, Flourished During The 7th Century A.d. He Was A Deacon And Keeper Of The Records Of The Church Of St. Sophia. His Works Include A Poem In Three Cantos On The Campaign Of The Emperor Heraclius Against The Persians, Apparently The ...
George Robert Gissing
Gissing, George Robert English Novelist, Was Born At Wakefield On Nov. 22, 18s 7. He Was Edu Cated At The Quaker Boarding-school Of Alderley Edge And At Owens College, Manchester. His Life, Especially Its Earlier Period, Was Spent In Great Poverty, Mainly In London, Though He Was For A Time ...
George Robert Gleig
Gleig, George Robert (1796-1888), British Divine And Author, Son Of George Gleig, Bishop Of Brechin (1753-184o), Was Born At Stirling, And Educated At Glasgow University And Balliol College, Oxford. He Served With Distinction In The Penin Sular War (1813-14), And In The American War, In Which He Was Thrice Wounded. ...
George The Monk
George The Monk (georgios Monachos), Called Hamartolos (greek For "sinner") , Byzantine Chronicler, Lived During The Reign Of Michael Iii. (842-867). He Wrote A Chronicle Of Events, In Four Books, From The Creation Of The World To The Death Of The Emperor Theophilus (842), Whose Widow Theodora Restored The Worship ...
George The Syncellus Georgios
George The Syncellus (georgios Synkellos), Of Constantinople, Byzantine Chronicler And Ecclesiastic, Lived At The End Of The 8th And The Beginning Of The 9th Century A.d. He Was The Syncellus (cell-mate, The Confidential Companion Assigned To The Patriarchs, In Reality Sometimes Little More Than A Spy) Of Tara(u)sius, Patriarch Of ...
George V
George V. (1865-1936) King Of Great Britain And Em Peror Of India Was Born At Marlborough House, London On June 3, 1865. He Was A Grandson Of Queen Victoria And The Sec Ond Son Of Albert Edward, The Prince Of Wales, Afterwards Ed Ward Vii. And Of Alexandra, A Princess ...
George Vi
George Vi. ), King Of Great Britain, Ireland And The British Dominions Beyond The Seas, Emperor Of India, Second Son Of King George V. And Queen Mary, Was Born At York Cottage, Sandringham, Dec. 14, 1895. After Passing Through Osborne And The Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, He Was Gazetted Midshipman ...
George V_2
George V. (1819-i878), King Of Hanover, Was The Only Son Of Ernest Augustus, King Of Hanover, And Consequently A Grandson Of George Iii. Of England. Born On May 27, 1819, He Became Totally Blind In 1833. He Succeeded His Father In 1851. After The Prussian Annexation Of Hanover (q.v.) In ...
George Washington Goethals
Goethals, George Washington American Engineer And Major-general Of The U.s. Army, Was Born In Brooklyn, N.y., On June 29, 1858. He Graduated From West Point Military Academy In 1880. From 188o-85 He Served In The U.s. Regular Army As An Engineer Officer, And Was At Various Periods An Instructor At ...
George
George, King Of Saxony (183 2-1904), Younger Son Of King John Of Saxony (d. 1873) And Queen Amelia, Was Born At Dresden On Aug. 8, 1832. In The Austro-prussian War Of 1866 He Commanded A Saxon Cavalry Brigade, And In The Early Part Of The War Of 187o-71 A Division, ...
Georgetown
Georgetown, Capital Of British Guiana (see Guiana), Population (1931) 64,207, And Seat Of The Colonial Government, Situated On The Left Bank Of The Demerara River At Its Mouth, In 6° 29' 24" N. And 58° 11' 3o" W. Known During The Dutch Occu Pation As Stabroek, It Was Established As ...
Georgetown_2
Georgetown, Formerly A City Of The District Of Colum Bia, U.s.a., And Now Part Of The City Of Washington, At The Confluence Of The Potomac River And Rock Creek, About 2im. W.n.w. Of The National Capitol. The Streets Are Old-fashioned, Narrow And Well Shaded. On The "heights" Are Many Fine ...
Georgetown_3
Georgetown, A Town Of Kentucky, U.s.a., 65m. E. Of Louisville; The County Seat Of Scott County. It Is On Federal Highway 25, And Is Served By The Frankfort And Cincinnati And The Southern Railways. The Population Was 3,904 In 1920; 4,229 In 193o. It Is The Seat Of Georgetown College ...
Georgetown_4
Georgetown, A City Of South Carolina, U.s.a., At The Head Of Winyah Bay, 14m. From The Ocean; A Port Of Entry And The County Seat Of Georgetown County. It Is Served By The Sea Board Air Line Railway And By River And Ocean Steamers. The Population Was 4,579 In 1920; ...
Georgetown_5
Georgetown, A City Of Central Texas, U.s.a., 25m. N. By E. Of Austin, On The Meridian Highway And Served By The Missouri-kansas-texas And The Missouri Pacific Railways ; The County Seat Of Williamson County. The Population In 1930 Was Williamson Is One Of The Leading Cotton Counties Of The State. ...
Georgette
Georgette. The Name Of A Textile Fabric, Also Sometimes Described As "crepe Georgette." It Is A Light And Gossamer-like Tissue Of Silk Of The Plain Weave, Used For Ladies' Dresses, Blouses, Millinery, Etc., And For Other Purposes When Refinement And Deli Cacy Of Texture Are Advantageous. A Georgette Fabric Has ...
Georgia
Georgia (russian Gruzia, Armenian Vrastan), Formerly An A.s.s.r., Since The Constitution Of Dec. 1936 A State Member Of The U.s.s.r. Occupying The Western Part Of Trans-caucasia. Area 69,900 Square Kilometers; Population (1933) 3,110,600. Its Boundaries Are West, The Black Sea, North, The Main Ridge Of The Caucasus, Fringed By The ...
Georgian Bay
Georgian Bay, The North-east Section Of Lake Huron, Separated From It By Manitoulin Island And The Saugeen, Or Bruce, Peninsula. It Is About Zoo M. Long And 5o M. Wide. It Receives Numerous Rivers Draining A Large Extent Of Country; Of These The Chief Are The French River Draining Lake ...
Georgian Literature
Georgian Literature. The Earliest Extant Georg Ian Literature Dates From Soon After The Conversion Of Georgia By St. Nino, Early In The 4th Century, And The Oldest Mss. Known Are Biblical, Liturgical And Hagiological; All Of Great Value. They Show A Stage Of Linguistic Development, A Wealth Of Words And ...
Georgia_2
Georgia, Popularly Called The "empire State Of The South," Is A Southern State Of The U.s.a., And One Of The 13 Original States. It Is Situated Between 3o° 31' 39" And 35° N. And Be Tween 81° And 53' 38" W. Georgia Is Bounded On The North By Tennessee And ...
Georgii Capon
Capon, Georgii (187o-1906), Russian Priest And Revo Lutionary Known As "father Gapon," Of Jewish Origin, But Became An Orthodox Priest. At One Time He Was An Agent Of The Secret Police, And Was Associated With The Notorious Zubatov In Moscow. He Then Became Zubatov's Agent In St. Petersburg (leningrad) To ...
Georgswalde
Georgswalde, A Small Town In Northern Bohemia In The District Of Sluknov Near The German Frontier. It Has A Long History Of Industrial Prosperity Based Upon Textile Manufactures, Mainly Linen, Supported In Recent Times By Engineering Industries And The Manufacture Of Pianos. Pop. (1930) ...
Gephyrea
Gephyrea, The Name Used For Several Groups Of Worm-like Animals With Certain Resemblances But Of Doubtful Affinity. W. C. Mcintosh Followed The Accepted View In Associating In This Group The Echiuridae, Sipunculidae, And Priapulidae. E. Ray Lankester, In The Preface To The English Translation Of C. Gegenbaur's Com Parative Anatomy ...
Gera
Gera, A Town Of Germany In The Land Of Thuringia, On The Banks Of The White Elster, 45 M. S.s.w. Of Leipzig. Pop. Gera (in Ancient Chronicles Geralia) Became A Town In The I Ith Century, And In The I2th Century It Came Into The Possession Of The Lords Of ...
Geraldton
Geraldton, A Town In The District Of Victoria, West Aus Tralia, On Champion Bay, 3o6 M. By Rail N.w. Of Perth. Pop. 4,985. It Is The Seat Of A Roman Catholic Bishop, An Im Portant Seaport Carrying On A Considerable Trade With The Sur Rounding Gold-fields And Agricultural Districts, The ...
Geraniaceae
Geraniaceae, In Botany, A Small But Widely Distributed Family Of Dicotyledons Belonging To The Archichlamydeae, Con Taining About 65o Species In Ii Genera. It Is Represented In Britain By Two Genera, Geranium (crane's-bill) And Erodium (stork's-bill), To Which Belong Nearly Two-thirds Of The Total Number Of Species. The Same Two ...
Geranium
Geranium, The Name Of A Genus Of Plants, The Type Of The Family Geraniaceae. The Name, As A Scientific Appellation, Has A Much More Restricted Application Than When Taken In Its Popular Sense. Formerly The Genus Geranium Was Almost Conterminous With The Order' Geraniaceae. Then As Now The Geranium Was ...
Gerard Of Cremona
Gerard Of Cremona (c. The Famous Mediaeval Translator, Was Born At Cremona. He Spent Most Of His Life At Toledo In The College Of Translators Established By Archbishop Raymond (d. I I 51). At An Uncertain Date He Returned To Cremona, Where He Died In 1187. The Most Important Of ...
Gerard
Gerard (d. I108), Archbishop Of York Under Henry I., Began His Career As A Chancery Clerk In The Service Of William Rufus. He Was One Of The Two Royal Envoys Who, In 1o95, Per Suaded Urban Ii. To Send A Legate And Anselm's Pallium To Eng Land. Gerard Was Rewarded ...
Gerardmer
Gerardmer, A Town Of North-eastern France, In The De Partment Of Vosges, 33 M. E.s.e. Of Epinal By Rail. Pop. 4,226; Of The Commune, 10,041. Gerardmer Is Situated At A Height Of 2,200 Ft. At The Eastern End Of The Small Lake Of Gerardmer. It Is The Chief Summer Resort ...
Gerard_2
Gerard (c. 1040-1120), Variously Surnamed Tum, Tunc, Tenque Or Thom, Founder Of The Order Of The Knights Of St. John Of Jerusalem (q.v.), Found His Way In Some Capacity To Jeru Salem, Where A Hospice Existed For Visitors To The Holy Places. Of This Institution Gerard Became Guardian About I ...
Gerasa
Gerasa, An Ancient City Of Palestine In The Highlands Of Gilead, 20 M. N Of `amman (philadelphia) And 20 M. E. Of The Jordan (mod. Jerash). The City, Now Ruined, Is Pleasantly Situated In A Valley Through Which Runs A Perennial Stream, The Chrysor Rhoas Of The Greeks, To Fall ...
Gerbil Or Gerbille
Gerbil Or Gerbille, The Name Of A Group Of Small, Elegant, Large-eyed, Jumping Rodents Typified By The North African Gerbil Lus Aegyptiacus And Forming A Special Subfamily, Gerbillinae, Of The Rat Tribe Or Muridae. They Are Found Over The Desert Districts Of Asia And Africa. They Have Elongated Hind-limbs And ...
Gerenuk
Gerenuk, A Long-necked Aberrant Gazelle, Commonly Known As Waller's Gazelle (lithocranius Walleri), And Ranging From Somaliland To Kilimanjaro. The Gerenuk Is A Large Species With Long Neck And Limbs. The Horns Of The Bucks Are Heavy, And Have A Peculiar Forward Curvature At The Tips ; The Coat Is Red-fawn, ...
Gergovia
Gergovia (mod. Gergovie), In Ancient Geography, The Chief Settlement Of The Arverni, Situated In The Auvergne, 8 M. From The Puy De Dome, France. Julius Caesar Attacked It In 52 B.c., But Was Beaten Off ; Some Walls And Earthworks, Probably Of This Period, Survive. Later, When Gaul Had Been ...
Gerizim
Gerizim, A Mountain In Samaria (mod. Jebel Et-tur), 2,849ft. Above Sea-level. With Its Companion Mountain, Ebal, It Flanks The Valley In Which Lies Nablus (neapolis), The Ancient Shechem. History.—it Was On Ebal And Gerizim That The Tribes Assem Bled Under Joshua To Hear The Curses And The Blessings Connected With ...
Germ Plasm
Germ Plasm, A Term Used In Biology To Denote The Repro Ductive Elements And Their Forerunners In The Embryo, In Contra Distinction To The Soma, Or Body Cells. The Term Is Due To A. Weismann. (see Heredity, Evolution, Embryology.) ...
Germain Garnier
Garnier, Germain, Marquis (i I ), French Politician And Economist, Was Born At Auxerre On Nov. 8, He Was Educated For The Law, And Obtained The Office Of Procureur To The Chatelet In Paris. On The Calling Of The States-general He Was Elected As One Of The Deputes Suppleants Of ...
German Africa
German Africa. A Territory North Of The Lower Course Of The Orange River, Which, Owing To Its Prox Imity To Cape Colony, Tame To Be Regarded As A Sort Of Depend Ency Of The Cape. This Territory, Bounded On The East By The Kalahari Desert, Was Inhabited By Hottentot Tribes ...
German Baptist Brethren
German Baptist Brethren, The Legal Name Until 1908 Of The Church Of The Brethren, Whose Members Are Popu Larly Nicknamed Dunkers Or Dunkards. Origin.—the Church Of The Brethren Began In Schwarzenau, Germany, In 1708, In The County Of Witgenstein, Province Of West Falen. It Was The Result Of The Pietistic ...
German Catholics
German Catholics (deutschkatholiken), The Name Assumed In Germany Towards The Close Of 1844 By Certain Dis Sentients From The Church Of Rome. The Most Prominent Leader Of The German Catholic Movement Was Johann Ronge, A Priest Who In The Sdchsisclie Vaterlandsbldtter For The 15th Of October, 1844, Made A Vigorous ...
German Codes
German Codes By Codification We Understand The Exhaustive Arrangement Of A Particular Subject Matter (e.g., Commercial Or Criminal Law) According To A Uniform Plan In A Book Of Law. ...
German East Africa
German East Africa. By Agreements With Great Britain, In 1886 And 189o, And By Other Agreements With Portugal And The Congo Free State The East Central Part Of Africa Was Rec Ognized As A German Possession. At That Time The Coast Lands Of What Became German East Africa Were Held ...
German Language
German Language. Together With English And Frisian, The German Language Forms Part Of The West Germanic Group Of Languages, To Which Belongs Also Langobardian, A Dialect Which Died Out In The 9th Or Loth Century. Leaving English And Frisian Aside, We Understand By Deutsche Sprache The Language Of Those Remaining ...
German Law I
German Law. (i.) General.—in Germany Those Ques Tions, The Settlement Of Which Primarily Concerns The Interests Of The Public, Are Dealt With Under Public Law, Whose Chief Com Ponents Are Constitutional Law And Administrative Law. The Latter, However, Does Not Embrace All The Legal Principles Governing Ad Ministrative Procedure ; ...
German Literature Since Goethe
German Literature Since Goethe (1832-1928) Young Goethe's Death A Great Age In Ger Man Poetry Came To A Close. Long Before 1832 Romanticism Had Begun To Lose Ground, And The French July Revolution Of 1830 Virtually Brought The Movement To An End. In Philosophy Schel Ling Had Given Place To ...
German Literature
German Literature. The Literary History Of The German-speaking Peoples Of The Continent Of Europe May Conven Iently Be Divided Into Six Main Sections: I. The Old High German Period, From The Earliest Records To The Middle Of The I 1 Th Century. Ii. The Middle High German Period, From The ...
German Offensive
German Offensive, 1918. This Great Tain A Military Decision On The Western Front In France And Flan Ders Before The Intervention Of American Man-power Could Turn The Scales, Comprised Four Main Acts, Opening Respectively On March 21 (see St. Quentin, Battle Of, 1918) ; April 9 (see Lys, Battles Of ...
German Silver Or Nickel
German Silver Or Nickel Silver, An Alloy Of Copper, Nickel And Zinc, Prepared Either By Melting The Copper And Nickel Together In A Crucible, And Adding Piece By Piece The Previ Ously Heated Zinc, Or By Heating The Finely Divided Metals Under A Layer Of Charcoal. To Destroy Its Crystalline ...
German Volga Republic
German Volga Republic, An A.s.s.r. Created In February 1924. It Is Situated Between Lat. 50' N. And 5 2 ° N. And Long. 45' E. And 48° 5' E. It Is Mainly Bordered By The Saratov Province, Which It Divides Into Two Separate Parts. Samara Touches It On The North-east, ...
German War
German War.) The German Empire.—during The War Public Opinion Throughout Germany Had Loudly Demanded That One Result Of The War Should Be A Permanent Union Of Northern And Southern Germany. Bismarck Laid Great Stress Upon The Necessity Of The Southern States Seeking Admission To The Confederation Of Their Own Volition. ...
Germander
Germander, The Name Given To Plants Of The Genus Teucrium (family Labiatae), Comprising Some Loo Species Dis Tributed All Over The World. Both Common British Species (t. Scorodonia) And The Common North American Forms (t. Cana Dense And T. Occidentals) Are Frequently Known As Wood Sage. The European Species Were ...
Germanicus Caesar
Germanicus Caesar (i 5 B.c.—a.d. 19), A Roman Gen Eral And Provincial Governor In The Reign Of Tiberius. The Name Germanicus, The Only One By Which He Is Known In History, He Inherited From His Father, Nero Claudius Drusus, The Famous General, Brother Of Tiberius And Stepson Of Augustus. His ...
Germanium
Germanium, A Chemical Element Included In The Same Natural Family As Tin And Lead (see Periodic Law) , Was Discovered In 1886 By C. Winkler In The Argyrodite (a Silver Thiogermanate) Of Freiburg In Saxony. (symbol Ge, Atomic Number 32, Atomic Weight 72.6.) The Properties Of This Element And Its ...
Germantown
Germantown, A Residential District And Former Suburb, Now A Ward Of Philadelphia, Pa., U.s.a., On Wissahickon Creek, In The Northern Part Of The City. There Are Many Old Colonial Houses Along Main Street (the Old Germantown Road Or Avenue). Prominent Among The Historic Houses Is Cliveden, Or The "chew House," ...
Germany
Germany (deutschland), Since Nov. 9, 1918, The German Republic, Retaining Its Older Name Of Deutsches Reich, A Country Of Central Europe, Inhabited By The Majority Of The German Speaking Peoples Of Europe; German Groups Are, However, Old Established In Several Other States Beyond Its Borders, And The Proportion Of These ...
Germanys Difficulties
Germany's Difficulties, 1929-33 Under The Dawes Plan From 1924 To 1929 Germany Enjoyed Comparative Economic Prosperity And Met Promptly Her Repara Tions Obligations, But She Was Able To Do So Only By Borrowing Large Amounts Abroad. She Could Not Pay Reparations In The Normal Way By A Surplus Of Exports ...
Germersheim
Germersheim, Town In The Bavarian Palatinate, At The Confluence Of The Queich And The Rhine, 8 M. S.w. Of Speyer. Pop. 3,727. From 1644 To 1815 It Was Sometimes In The Possession Of France And Sometimes In That Of The Palatinate. In 1835 The New Town Was Built. ...
Germinal
Germinal, "the Month Of Buds," The First Spring Month Of The French Republican Calendar, Substituted For The Gregorian Calendar On Oct. 5, 1793. See French Republican Calendar. ...
Germiston
Germiston, In Transvaal, 9 M. E. Of Johannesburg. Alti Tude 5,478 Ft. Pop. Whites, 29,02o Coloured. It Is An Important Railway Junction, Where Lines Meet From Natal And Cape Colony Ports, Laurenco Marques, Pretoria And Johannes Burg. Germiston Is Situated In The Heart Of The Witwatersrand Gold Mining Area, And ...
Gero
Gero (c. 900-965), Margrave Of The Saxon East Mark, Was Entrusted In By The German King Otto, Afterwards The Emperor Otto The Great, With The Defence Of The Eastern Frontier Of Saxony Against The Wends And Other Slavonic Tribes. In A Few Years He Extended The Saxon Frontier Almost To ...
Gerolstein
Gerolstein, A Village And Climatic Health Resort Of Ger Many, In The Prussian Rhine Province, Situated On The Kyll, In The Eifel Range, 1,240 Ft. Above The Sea, 28 M. North Of Trier. The Castle Of Gerolstein Was Built In 1115 And Is Now In Ruins. Gerolstein Is Celebrated For ...
Gerona
Gerona, A Maritime Frontier Province In The Extreme North East Of Spain, Formed In 1833 Of Districts Taken From Catalonia And Bounded On The North By France, East And South-east By The Mediterranean Sea, South-west And West By Barcelona, And North West By Lerida. In The North-west A Small Section ...
Gerona_2
Gerona, The Capital Of The Province Of Gerona In North Eastern Spain, On The Railway From Barcelona To Perpignan In France And On The Right Bank Of The River Ter, At Its Confluence With The Ona, A Small Right-hand Tributary. Pop. (193o) Gerona Is The Ancient Gerunda, A City Of ...
Geronimo
Geronimo (c. 1829-1909), A Chief Of The Chiricahua Band Of The Apache Tribe Of North American Indians, Was, According To His Own Story, Born In No-do-yohn Canyon, Ariz., In June 1829. From 1875 To 1885 As Leader Of A Band Of "hostiles" He Terrorized The Territories Of New Mexico And ...
Gerontocracy
Gerontocracy, A System Of Government By Old Men. Almost Everywhere In Primitive Society, Old Age Commands Respect And Gives Authority And Prestige. The Older Members Of The Com Munity May Take A Less Active Part In The Ordinary Daily Occupa Tions Of The People, But As The Great Depositories Of ...
Gerousia
Gerousia, The Council Of Elders At Sparta, Corresponding In Some Of Its Functions To The Athenian Boule. In Historical Times It Numbered 28 Members, To Whom Were Added Ex Officio The Two Kings And, Later, The Five Ephors. Candidates Must Have Passed Their 6oth Year; I.e., They Must No Longer ...
Gerrha
Gerrha, Ancient Port On The Arabian Coast Of The Persian Gulf Inhabited By Chaldean Exiles From Babylon (strabo, Bk. Xvi., And Pliny, Hist. Nat. Vi. 32). Various Identifications Of The Site Have Been Suggested (qatif, Kuwait, Salwa), But The Ancient Name Is Unquestionably Preserved In That Of Modern 'uqair (pro ...
Gerrymander
Gerrymander (usually Pronounced "jerrymander," But The G Was Originally Pronounced Hard), An American Expression Which Has Taken Root In The English Language, Meaning To Arrange Election Districts So As To Give An Unfair Advantage To The Party In Power By Means Of A Redistribution Act, Or To Manipulate Con Stituencies ...
Gers
Gers, A Department Of South-western France, Composed Of The Whole Or Parts Of Certain Districts Of Gascony, Viz. Armagnac, Astarac, Fezensac, Pardiac, Pays De Gaure, Lomagne, Com Minges, Condomois And Of A Small Part Of Agenais. It Is Bounded N. By The Department Of Lot-et-garonne, N.e. By Tarn-et Garonne, E. ...
Gerschom Ben Judah
Gerschom Ben Judah (96o–io4o), French Rabbi, Was Born At Metz. Settling In Mainz In Early Life, He Became The Originator Of Talmudic Studies In France And Germany. About I 000 He Called A Synod Which Prohibited Polygamy And Dis Cussed The Problems Of Divorce And Of Apostasy Under Compulsion. Gerschom ...
Gerunium
Gerunium. A Town In Apulia Which Was The Scene Of The One Important Engagement Between The Romans And Carthaginians During The First Period Of "fabian" Strategy Which Intervened Between Trasimenus (q.v.) And Cannae (q.v.). It Is Described Under Callicula. (see Also Punic Wars And Hannibal.) ...
Gervase Of Canterbury
Gervase Of Canterbury (d. C. 1210), English Monk And Chronicler, Entered The House Of Christchurch, Canter Bury, At An Early Age. He Made His Profession And Received Holy Orders In 1163, And Seems To Have Resided Almost Continuously At Canterbury From The Time Of His Admission. The Only Office Which ...
Gervase Of Tilbury
Gervase Of Tilbury (fl. 121i ), Anglo-latin Writer Of The Late 12th And Early 13th Centuries, Was A Kinsman And Schoolfellow Of Patrick, Earl Of Salisbury, But Lived The Life Of A Scholarly Adventurer, Wandering From Land To Land In Search Of Patrons. Before 1177 He Was A Student And ...
Geryoneus Geryon Geryones
Geryon (geryones, Geryoneus) , In Greek Mythology, The Son Of Chrysaor And Callirrhoe, Daughter Of Oceanus, Who Lived In The Island Of Erytheia, I.e., "red," Situated In The Far West, The Land Of The Red Sunset, Later Identified With Spain. He Is Represented As A Monster With Three Heads Or ...
Gesso
Gesso, An Italian Word (lat. Gypsum) For "plaster Of Paris," Especially When Used As A Ground For Painting, Or For Modelling Or Sculpture. (see Sculpture : Technique.) ...
Gesta Romanorum
Gesta Romanorum, A Latin Collection Of Anecdotes And Tales, Probably Compiled About The End Of The 13th Century Or The Beginning Of The 14th; One Of The Most Popular Books Of The Time, And The Source, Directly Or Indirectly, Of Later Literature, In Chaucer, Gower, Shakespeare And Others. Of Its ...
Gestalt
Gestalt ("figure," "form," "shape"), An Expression Intro Duced Into Psychology By Christian Ehrenfels In 189o, To Indicate The Character Of A Perception As A Unity. Thus The Seeing Of A. Square Does Not Consist In Seeing Four Equal Straight Lines Enclosing Four Right Angles, But Is The Perception Of The ...
Getae
Getae (get'i), An Ancient People Of Thracian Origin, Closely Akin To The Daci (see Dacia). Their Original Home Seems To Have Been The District On The Right Bank Of The Danube Between The Rivers Oescus (iskr) And Iatrus (mantra). The View That The Getae Were Identical With The Goths Is ...
Gethsemane
Gethsemane (i.e., "oil-press"), The Place To Which Jesus Withdrew With His Disciples On The Eve Of The Crucifixion. The Greek Terms Used Of It In The Gospels Suggest That It Was An En Closed Piece Of Ground. There Was Probably A House On It And Pre Sumably An Oil-press. It ...
Geum
Geum, In Botany, A Genus Of Hardy Perennial Herbs (family Rosaceae), Containing About 4o Species, Widely Distributed In Tem Perate And Arctic Regions. The Erect Flowering Shoots Spring From A Cluster Of Radical Leaves, Which Are Deeply Cut Or Lobed, The Largest Division Being At The Top Of The Leaf. ...
Gevelsberg
Gevelsberg, A Town Of Germany, In The Prussian Province Of Westphalia, 6 M. S.w. From Hagen, On The Railway To Dussel Dorf. It Has Hardware Factories. Pop. 21,961. ...
Gewandhaus Concerts
Gewandhaus Concerts, Famous Concerts Given At Leipzig, Probably Those Of The Oldest Standing In Existence, Since They Date Back To The Time When Bach Was Cantor Of The Thomas Schule. They Acquired Special Fame Under Mendelssohn (1835– 43 ), While Other Conductors Have Included Niels Gade , K. Reinecke (186o-95), ...