John Galsworthy
Galsworthy, John British Playwright And Novelist, Was Born At Coombe, Surrey, On Aug. 14, 1867. Edu Cated At Harrow And New College, Oxford, He Was Called To The Bar In 1890, But Devoted Himself To Literature. His First Novel, Jocelyn, Appeared In 1898, But He Attracted Wider Attention In 1904 ...
John Galt
Galt, John (1779-1839), Scottish Novelist, Was Born At Irvine, Ayrshire, And Educated In His Native Town And At Greenock. In 1804 He Settled In London. Charged With A Commission From A Merchant Firm To Find Methods Of Evading The Berlin And Milan Decrees, He Was Travelling In The Mediterranean When ...
John Hookham Frere
Frere, John Hookham (1769-1846), English Diplo Mat And Author, Was Born In London. He Was Educated At Eton, Where He Met Canning, And At Caius College, Cambridge. He En Tered Public Service In The Foreign Office Under Lord Grenville, And Sat From To 1802 As M.p. For The Close Borough ...
Jose Gaspar Rodriguez Francia
Francia, Jose Gaspar Rodriguez (c. 1766 1840), "el Supremo," Dictator Of Paraguay, Was Born In Para Guay, About 1766, Probably The Son Of A Brazilian Coffee Grower. He Studied At The University Of Cordova De Tucuman, And Ob Tained There The Degrees Of Master Of Philosophy And Doctor Of Theology. ...
Joseph Fouche
Fouche, Joseph, Duke Of Otranto (1759-182o), French Statesman, Was Born Near Nantes On May 21, 1759. He Was Educated By The Oratorians At Nantes, And In Paris, And After Wards Taught In Various Schools. At Arras He Had Some Dealings With Robespierre In 1789. In Oct. 1790 He Was Transferred ...
Joseph Francois Foullon
Foullon, Joseph Francois (1717-1789), French Administrator, Was Born At Saumur. During The Seven Years' War He Was Intendant-general Of The Armies, And Intendant Of The Army And Navy Under Marshal De Belle-isle. In 1771 He Was Appointed Intendant Of Finances. The Farmers-general Detested Him On Account Of His Severity, The ...
Joseph Galloway
Galloway, Joseph (1731-1803), American Lawyer And Politician, Was Born In West River, Md., In He Early Re Moved To Philadelphia, Where He Acquired A High Standing As A Law Yer. From 1756 Until 1774 (except In 1764) He Was One Of The Most Influential Members Of The Pennsylvania Assembly, Over ...
Joseph Simon Gallieni
Gallieni, Joseph Simon French General And Statesman, Is Immortalized By His Vital Share In The Strategically Decisive Victory Of The Marne (q.v.). He Was Born At Saint-beat, Haute-garonne, On April 24, 1849. He Left The Military Academy Of Saint-cyr In July 187o As Second Lieutenant In The Marines, Becoming Lieutenant ...
Joseph Von Fraunhofer
Fraunhofer, Joseph Von German Optician And Physicist, Was Born At Straubing In Bavaria On March 6, 1787, The Son Of A Glazier Who Died In 1798. He Gained Experi Ence In Working Optical Glass And Obtained Work At The Utz Schneider Optical Institute At Benedictbeuern, Near Munich, Of Which He ...
Joseph Von Fuhrich
Fuhrich, Joseph Von (180o-1876), Austrian Painter, Was Born At Kratzau In Bohemia On Feb. 9, 1800. He Was Cele Brated As A Composer Of Scriptural Episodes, And His Sacred Sub Jects Were Transferred In Numberless Repetitions To The Roadside Churches Of The Austrian State. Fdhrich Has Been Fairly Described As ...
Josias
Josias). The Revolutions Of 1830 Strengthened Frederick William In His Reactionary Tendencies; The Question Of The Constitution Was In Definitely Shelved, And In 1831 Prussian Troops Concentrated On The Frontier Helped The Task Of The Russians In Reducing The Mili Tary Rising In Poland. Yet, In Spite Of All, Frederick ...
Julius Furst
Furst, Julius (1805-1873), German Orientalist, Was Born Of Jewish Parents At Zerkowo In Posen, On May 12, 1805. He Was Lecturer (18j 7) And Then Professor (1864) Of Aramaic At Leipzig, Where He Died On Feb. 9, 1873. Among His Writings May Be Mentioned Lehrgebdude Der Aramaischen Idiome (leipzig, 1835) ...
Karl Emil Franzos
Franzos, Karl Emil (1848-1904), German Novelist, Was Born Of Jewish Parentage On Oct. 25, 1848, In Russian Po Dolia, And Spent His Early Years At Czortkow In Galicia. He Studied Law At Vienna And Graz, And, Becoming A Journalist, Travelled Extensively In The Near East, Visiting Asia Minor And Egypt. ...
Karl Fortlage
Fortlage, Karl (18o6--1881), German Philosopher, Was Born At Osnabruck. Originally A Follower Of Hegel, He Turned To Fichte And Beneke (q.v.), With Whose Insistence On Psychology As The Basis Of All Philosophy He Fully Agreed. The Fundamental Idea Of His Psychology Is Impulse, Which Combines Representation (which Presupposes Consciousness) And ...
Karl Nikolas Fraas
Fraas, Karl Nikolas (1810-1875), German Botanist And Agriculturist, Was Born At Rattelsdorf. He Studied At Munich, And In 1835 Went As Inspector Of The Court Garden At Athens, Where In 1836 He Became Professor Of Botany. In 1842 He Returned To Germany As Teacher At The Central Agricultural School At ...
Karl Remigius Fresenius
Fresenius, Karl Remigius German Chemist., Was Born At Frankfort-on-main On Dec. 28, 1818. He Studied At Bonn And At Giessen, Where He Acted As Assistant In Liebig's Laboratory, And In 1843 Became Assistant Professor. In 1845 He Was Appointed To The Chair Of Chemistry, Physics And Technology At The Wiesbaden ...
Lady Georgiana Charlotte Fullerton
Fullerton, Lady Georgiana Charlotte (1812-1885), English Novelist And Philanthropist, Youngest Daughter Of The 1st Earl Granville, Was Born At Tixall Hall, Staf Fordshire. In 1833 She Married Alexander George Fullerton, Then An Irish Officer In The Guards. In 1844 She Published Her First Novel, Ellen Middleton. In 1846 She Entered ...
Lago Di Fucino
Fucino, Lago Di, A Lake Bed Of The Abruzzi, Italy (lat. Lacus Fucinus), In The Province Of Aquila, 2 M. E. Of The Town Of Avezzano. The Lake Was 37 M. In Circumference And 65 Ft. Deep. From The Lack Of An Outlet, The Level Of The Lake Was Sub ...
Lago Fusaro
Fusaro, Lago, A Lake Of Campania, Italy, I M. West Of Baiae, And I M. South Of The Acropolis Of Cumae. It Is The Ancient Acherusia Palus, Separated From The Sea On The West By A Line Of Sandhills. It May Have Been The Harbour Of Cumae In Early Antiquity. ...
Leon Gambetta
Gambetta, Leon (1838-1882), French Statesman, Was Born At Cahors On April 2, 1838. In His Sixteenth Year Young Gambetta Lost By An Accident The Sight' Of His Left Eye, Which Eventually Had To Be Removed. Notwithstanding This Privation, He Highly Distinguished Himself At The Public School Of Cahors, And In ...
Leonhard Frank
Frank, Leonhard (1882— ), German Writer, Was Born In Wurzburg On Sept. 4, 1882, The Son Of A Carpenter. His Early Works Die Rxuberbande (1914) And Die Ursache (1915) Caused A Considerable Sensation. The Latter Which Was Written In An Expressionistic Style And Revealed The Influence Of Psycho Analytical Doctrines, ...
Leonhard Fuchs
Fuchs, Leonhard German Physician And Botanist, Was Born At Wembdingen, Bavaria, On Jan. 17, 1501, And Studied At Ingolstadt, Receiving His M.d. In 1524. Having Adopted Protestantism, He Wandered From Place To Place, In 1529 Successfully Treating The "english Sweating Sickness," Which Had Spread To The Continent. In 1535 He ...
Liquid Fuels
Liquid Fuels The Use Of Fuel In Liquid Form Is Undoubtedly Of Very Ancient Origin, Vegetable And Animal Oils Being Burned For The Production Of Light And, To A Limited Extent, Of Heat. The Modern Oil Industry, However, Originated About The Middle Of The 19th Century In The Distillation Of ...
Literature G
Literature.-g. Godet, Gaston Frommel (neuchatel, 1906), A Sketch, With Citation Of Sources; For A Complete Edition Of His Writings See Oeuvre Systematique (neuchatel, 1910-16) ; The Psychology Of Christian Faith (london, Stud. Chr. Mov., 1928), A Selection In English With Introductory Study. (j. V. B.) ...
Loch Fyne
Fyne, Loch, Inlet Of The Sea, Argyllshire, Scotland. From The Head, 6 M. Above Inveraray, To The Mouth On The Sound Of Bute, It Has A South-westerly And Then Southerly Trend And Is 44 M. Long, Its Width Varying From A M. To 6 M. On The Western Side It ...
Louis Agassiz Fuertes
Fuertes, Louis Agassiz (1874-1927), American Artist And Naturalist, Was Born At Ithaca, N.y., On Feb. 7, 1874, Youngest Son Of Prof. Estevan Antonio Fuertes Of Porto Rico And Mary Stone Perry Fuertes Of New York. He Was Edu Cated At Cornell University And Received Art Training From Abbott H. Thayer. ...
Louis Claude Desaulses De
Freycinet, Louis Claude Desaulses De French Navigator, Was Born At Montelimar, Drome. In 1793 He Entered The French Navy. After Taking Part In Several Engagements Against The British, He Joined In I800, Along With His Brother Louis Henri Freycinet (1777-1840, Who Afterwards Rose To The Rank Of Admiral, The Expedition ...
Louis De Buade Frontenac
Frontenac Et Palluau, Louis De Buade, Comte De (162o-1698), French-canadian Statesman, Governor And Lieutenant-general For The French King In La Nouvelle France (canada), Son Of Henri De Buade, Colonel In The Regiment Of Navarre, Was Born In The Year 1620. Louis De Buade Served In 1635 Under The Prince Of ...
Louis Franchet Desperey
Franchet D'esperey, Louis (1856— ), French Soldier, Was Born At Mostaganem In Algeria On May 25, 1856. Commissioned To The Infantry In 1876, He Saw Active Service In Tunisia, Tongking And N. China. In 1908 He Became General Of Brigade And Made A Careful Study On The Spot Of Balkan ...
Louis Gallait
Gallait, Louis (1810-1887), Belgian Painter, Was Born At Tournay, Hainaut, On May 9, 181o. He Studied At Tournay Under Hennequin, And At Antwerp Under Van Bree. He Then Settled In Paris, Sending From There To The Belgian Salons A Series Of Important Historical Pictures. He Was Then Urged To Return ...
Louis Honore Frechette
Frechette, Louis Honore French Canadian Poet, Was Born At Levis, Quebec, On Nov. 16, 1839, And Died On June 1, 1908. He Was Called To The Canadian Bar In 1864. He Started The Journal De Levis, And His Revolutionary Doc Trines Compelled Him To Leave Canada For The United States. ...
Louis Marie Stanislas Freron
Freron, Louis Marie Stanislas French Revolutionist, Son Of The Preceding, Was Born At Paris On Aug. 17, 65. On The Death Of His Father His Name Was Attached To L'annee Litteraire, Which Was Continued Till 1790 And Edited Successively By The Abbes G. M. Royou And J. L. Geoffroy. On ...
Louis Prosper Gachard
Gachard, Louis Prosper Belgian Man Of Letters, Was Born In Paris On Mar. 12, 180o. He Entered The Administration Of The Royal Archives In 1826, And Was Ap Pointed Director-general, A Post Which He Held For 55 Years. Gachard Died At Brussels On Dec. 24, 1885. Among His Best Known ...
Louvois Work
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Ludwig August Frankl
Frankl, Ludwig August, Ritter Von Hochwart (1810-1894), Austrian Poet, Was Born At Chrast, Bohemia, On Feb. 3, 181o. In 1838 He Became Secretary Of The Jewish Com Munity In Vienna. In The Revolutionary Year Of 1848 His Poem, Die Universitdt, Had An Enormous Circulation. He Wrote Lyrics, Epic And Many ...
Luigi Galvani
Galvani, Luigi (1737-1798), Italian Physiologist, After Whom Galvanism Received Its Name, Was Born At Bologna On Sept. 9, 1737. He Was Appointed Public Lecturer In Anatomy At Bologna In 1762, And Gained Repute As A Comparative Anatom Ist From His Researches On The Organs Of Hearing And Genito Urinary Tract ...
Lyman Judson Gage
Gage, Lyman Judson (1836-1927), American Finan Cier, Was Born At De Ruyter, Madison County, N.y., On June 28, 1836. At The Age Of '7 He Became A Bank Clerk. In 1855 He Removed To Chicago, Served For Three Years As Bookkeeper In A Planing-mill, And In 1858 Entered The Banking ...
Maatthias Gallas
Gallas, Maatthias, Count Of Campo, Duke Of Lucera (1584-1647), Austrian Soldier, First Saw Service In Flan Ders, And In Savoy With The Spaniards, And Subsequently Joined The Forces Of The Catholic League As Captain. On The General Out Break Of Hostilities In Germany, He Distinguished Himself, At Stadt Lohn (1623) ...
Map Showing French Poss
Map Showing French Poss Of Affection. They Have Given Her Scholars, Administrators And Great Men Of Letters. In Certain Cases They Derive Special Impor Tance From Their Situation On The Great International Routes Or Their Great Resources. But, Above All, Their Value For France Is Sentimental And Historic ; They ...
Marco Antonio Franceschini
Franceschini, Marco Antonio Italian Painter, Born At Bologna On April 5, 1648. He Studied Under G. M. Galli Bibiena And Carlo Cignani, Whose Assistant And Collaborator He Was For Some Time In Works At Bologna, Forli, Piacenza, Modena And Reggio. He Rose To Be One Of The Most Favoured Artists ...
Marcus Cornelius Fronto
Fronto, Marcus Cornelius (c. A.d. Roman Grammarian, Rhetorician And Advocate, Was Born Of An Italian Family At Cirta In Numidia. He Came To Rome In The Reign Of Hadrian, And Soon Won Fame As An Advocate, And Amassed A Large Fortune. Antoninus Pius Appointed Him Tutor To His Adopted Sons ...
Marengo And Hohenlinden
Marengo And Hohenlinden The Disasters Of 1799 Sealed The Fate Of The Directory, And Placed Bonaparte, Who Returned From Egypt With The Prestige Of A Recent Victory, In His Natural Place As Civil And Military Head Of France. In The Course Of The Campaign The Field Strength Of The French ...
Margaret Fuller
Fuller, Margaret, Marchioness Ossoli, (1810-1850), American Writer, Was Born At Cambridge (mass.), May 23, 181o. Unquestionably One Of The Most Brilliant And Scholarly Of American Women, Miss Fuller Has Been Bitterly Con Demned And Extravagantly Praised. Of Remarkable Natural Endow Ments, She Was Put Through Such A Rigorous Training By ...
Mariano Jose Maria Bernardo
Fortuny, Mariano Jose Maria Bernardo (1838-1874), Spanish Painter, Was Born At Reus On June Ri, 1838. He Entered The Academy Of Barcelona, Where He Worked For Four Years Under Claudio Lorenzale, And In March 1857 He Gained A Scholarship Which Enabled Him To Complete His Studies In Rome. On The ...
Marie Fourtou
Fourtou, Marie Francois Oscar Bardy De (1836-1897), French Politician, Born At Riberac (dordogne) On Jan. 3, 1836, Represented Dordogne In The National Assembly After The Franco-german War. He Was Minister Of Public Works (1872), Of Religion (1873) And Of Education (1874). As Minister Of The Interior In Broglie's Cabinet In ...
Marie Galliera
Galliera, Marie, Duchess Of Daughter Of The Marquis Di Brignola, A Sardinian, Was Born In Ghent And Died In Paris On Dec. 9, 1888. She Married The Rail Way Contractor, Rafael Ferrari (d. 1876) Upon Whom The Pope Conferred The Title Of Duke Of Galliera. The Duchess Acquired Notoriety By ...
Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman
Freeman, Mary Eleanor Wilkins, (1862 1930), American Writer, Was Born In Randolph (mass.), Jan. 7, 1862, Of Puritan Ancestry. Her Early Education, Chiefly From Reading And Observation, Was Supplemented By A Course At Mount Holyoke Seminary, South Hadley (mass.). She Subsequently Lived In Brattleboro (vt.), Until Her Marriage In 1902 ...
Maximilian
Maximilian, Freiherr Von Gagern (1810-1889), The Youngest Son, Was A Member Of The German National Parliament In 1848. Throughout The Revolutionary Years He Supported His Brother's Policy, And, After The Collapse Of The National Movement, Returned To The Service Of The Duchy Of Nassau. In 1855 He Entered The Austrian ...
Maximilien Sebastien Foy
Foy, Maximilien Sebastien French General And Statesman, Was Born At Ham, Picardy, On Feb. 3, And Educated At The College Of Soissons, Passing To The Artillery School Of La Fere. After His First Campaign In Flanders (1791-92) He Attained Captain's Rank, And Served Under Dampierre, Jourdan, Pichegru And Houchard. In ...
Meir Friedmann
Friedmann, Meir Hungarian Jewish Scholar, Was Born At Kraszna On July R O, 1831. His Editions Of The Midrash Are The Standard Texts. His Chief Editions Were The Sifra (1864), The Mekhilta (1870), Pesiqla Rabbathi (188o). At The Time Of His Death He Was Editing The Sifra. Friedmann, While Inspired ...
Meister Francke
Francke, Meister, German Painter, Active In Ham Burg During The First Half Of The 15th Century. His Name Occurs In A Contract With The Travellers To England, Dated 1424, In Which The Artist Undertakes To Paint An Altarpiece For A Chapel In The Church Of St. John At Hamburg. Nine ...
Melville Weston Fuller
Fuller, Melville Weston (1833-191o), American Jurist, Chief Justice Of The Supreme Court Of The U.s., Was Born At Augusta, Me., On Feb. I 1, 1833. After He Had Graduated At Bow Doin College In 1853 He Spent A Year At The Harvard Law School, And In 1855 Began The Practice ...
Merchandising Frauds
Merchandising Frauds Contracts Signed But Not Read.—fraudulent Furniture Deal Ers Will Of Ten Advertise Certain Articles, Sell Them To Customers, Give Duplicates Of Signed Contracts For Instalment Purchases And Deliver Entirely Different Articles. Irate Victims Are Suavely Asked To Read The Signed Contracts, Which Describe Not The Articles Seen, But ...
Metallurgical Furnace
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Mikhail Vassilievich Frunze
Frunze, Mikhail Vassilievich Russian Soldier, Was The Son Of A Peasant Who Had Settled In Turkistan And Become A Surgeon. While At School He Came In Contact With Socialists And On Entering The Polytechnic Institute At St. Petersburg (leningrad) He Joined The Bolshevik Section Of The Social Democratic Organization. In ...
Military Mining
Military Mining Mining Is One Of The Oldest Forms Of Siege Warfare. The Blowing Of The Trumpets And Circumambulation Were Probably Done To Cover The Final Mining Of The Walls Of Jericho. But It Was Not Until 1487 That Gunpowder Was Used. When Shakespeare Makes Fluellen Say At Henry V.'s ...
Mixed Frauds
Mixed Frauds "directory" Or "year Book" Frauds Thrive On The Modern Business Complexity And The Need For Specialized Directory Service. One "transportation Association" May Inveigle Persons In The Transport Business Into Paying $so For Listing In A Directory Of Railroad, Steamship And Warehouse Service Which Is Never Pub Lished. The ...
Modern Permanent Fortification
Modern Permanent Fortification In The Last Quarter Of The 19th Century, Two Events Changed The Whole Outlook On Permanent Fortification. One, Not Fully Appreci Ated At The Time, Was The Power Of The Breech-loading Rifle, In Con Junction With Improvised Field Works, Of Stopping An Infantry Attack, The Other The ...
Modern Siege Warfare
Modern Siege Warfare The Sieges Of Belfort In 1871 And Of Plevna In 1877 Had Shown The Great Strength Of Extemporized Field Works And The Value Of An Active Defence, But Regular Siege Methods Had Altered Little Since The Days Of Vauban. In 188o, However, The Invention Of High Explosive ...
Mules Birket Foster
Foster, Mules Birket (1825-1899), English Painter, Was Born At North Shields, And Is Said To Have Been Able To Draw Before He Could Speak. At The Age Of 16 He Entered The Workshop Of Ebenezer Landells, A Wood Engraver, With Whom He Worked For Six Years As An Illustrative Draughtsman, ...
Nicholas French
French, Nicholas (1604-1678), Bishop Of Ferns, Ire Land, Was An Irish Political Pamphleteer, Born At Wexford. He Was Educated At Louvain, And Before 1646 Was Appointed Bishop Of Ferns. His Political Activities Made It Prudent For Him To Leave Ireland In 1651. He Acted As Coadjutor To The Archbishops Of ...
Nicolas Freret
Freret, Nicolas , French Scholar, Was Born In Paris. His Father Was Procureur To The Parlement Of Paris, And Destined Him To The Profession Of The Law. His First Tutors Were The Historian Charles Rollin And Father Desmolets (1677-1760). He Was Hardly 26 Years Of Age When He Was Ad ...
Niels Vilhelm Gade
Gade, Niels Vilhelm (1817-1890), Danish Composer, Was Born At Copenhagen, On Feb. 2 2, 1817, His Father Being A Musical Instrument Maker. Though He Studied The Violin Under Wexschall, And Theory Under Weyse And Berggreen, He Was Largely Self-taught. In 184o His Aladdin And His Overture Of Ossian At Tracted ...
Numa Denis Fustel De
Fustel De Coulanges, Numa Denis (183o 1889), French Historian, Was Born In Paris On March 18, 1830, Of Breton Descent. After Studying At The Ecole Nofmale Supe Rieure He Was Sent To The French School At Athens In 1853, Directed Some Excavations In Chios, And Wrote An Historical Account Of ...
Octavius Brooks Frothingham
Frothingham, Octavius Brooks American Clergyman And Author, Was Born In Boston (mass.), Nov. 26, 182 2. His Graduation From Harvard College In 1843 And From The Divinity School In Was Followed By Pastorates At Unitarian Churches In Salem, Jersey City, And New York City Until Ill-health Compelled His Resignation In ...
Operations
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Or Gahnite
Gahnite, Or Zinc Spinel, Zno.al203, A Rather Rare Mineral Found At Franklin Furnace, N.j., And In Norway, Along With Other Zinc Ores. (see Fran Klinite. ) ...
Or Galgacus
Galgacus, Or Perhaps Rather Calgacus, A Caledonian Chief Who Led The Tribes Of North Britain Against The Invading Roman Army Under Cn. Iulius Agricola About A.d. 85 And Was Defeated At The Battle Of Mons Graupius (tac. Agric. 29). ...
Or Gallas
Gallas, Or More Correctly Galla, A Powerful Hamitic People Of Eastern Africa, Scattered Over The Central Parts Of Abys Sinia To The Neighbourhood Of The River Sabaki In Kenya Colony. The Name "galla" Or "gala" Appears To Be An Abys Sinian Nickname, Unknown To The People, Who Call Themselves Ilm' ...
Orchard Fruits
Orchard Fruits Apples In Grass Orchards.—the Grass Certainly Affects The Growth Of The Trees, And Where New Fields Are Being Planted The Soil Should Be Kept Cultivated Until The Trees Are From Eight To Ten Years Old Before Grass Seeds Are Sown. Where Planting Is Done Directly In A Grass ...
Ossip Gabrilowitsch
Gabrilowitsch, Ossip (1878-1936), Pianist And Con Ductor, Was Born In St. Petersburg (now Leningrad), On Feb. 7, 1878. He Studied Music At The Imperial Conservatoire In That City In The Class Of Tolstov And Under The Personal Supervision Of Anton Rubinstein, Winning The Rubinstein Prize In 1894. Later He Continued ...
Other Frauds
Other Frauds Fraudulent Bankruptcies.—the Federal Bankruptcy Law Says That If Liabilities Are So Much Greater Than Assets That A Debtor Cannot Begin To Pay His Debts, He May "go Into Bankruptcy." Trustees Are Then Appointed, To Whom The Petitioner Must Turn Over All Assets. The Trustees Divide Available Assets Among ...
Otto Fridolin Fritzsche
Fritzsche, Otto Fridolin German Theologian, Was Born On Sept. 23, 1812, At Dobrilugk, And Studied At Halle. From 1837 To 1893 He Was Professor Of Theology At The University Of Zurich, Where He Died On March 9, 1896. His Chief Publications Were His Edition Of The Apocrypha Of The Old ...
Paolo Frisi
Frisi, Paolo (1728-1784), Italian Mathematician And Astronomer, Was Born At Milan And Educated At The Barnabite Monastery There And At Padua. He Made His Reputation By His Disquisitio Mathematica In Causam Physicam Figurae Et Magni Tudinis Terrae (1751), And Became Professor Of Philosophy In The College Of Casale, And Subsequently ...
Pasquale Galluppi
Galluppi, Pasquale (1770-1846), Italian Philo Sopher, Was Born At Tropea, In Calabria. He Was Professor Of Logic And Metaphysics At Naples. Galluppi's Works, Which Have Importance In The History Of Italian Philosophy, Include : Sall' Analisi E Sully Sintesi (1807); Letters Filosofiche (1827); Saggio Filoso Fico Sulla Critica Della Conoscenza ...
Percy Faraday Frankland
Frankland, Percy Faraday ), Brit Ish Chemist, Second Son Of Sir Edward Frankland, Was Born In London On Oct. 3, 1858. He Was Educated At The Royal School Of Mines And At Wi.irzburg. In 1888 He Was Appointed Professor Of Chemistry At Dundee, And Then Occupied The Chair At Mason ...
Period Of Anarchy And
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Philip Fruytiers
Fruytiers, Philip (fi. 1627-1666), Flemish Painter And Engraver, Entered The Antwerp Gild Of Painters In 1631. He Is Described In The Register Of That Institution As "illuminator, Painter And Engraver." He Worked Exclusively In Water Colours, "yet Was So Remarkable In This Branch Of His Art For Arrangement, Drawing, And ...
Philip Morin Freneau
Freneau, Philip Morin American Poet, Patriot, Editor And Sea-captain, Son Of A New York Wine Merchant Of French-huguenot Descent, Was Born On Jan. 2, 1752. Graduating In 1771 From Princeton, Then A Hotbed Of "whiggism," He Won Fame By 1775 As A Satirist Of The Tories. His Admirable Beauties Of ...
Philipp Nikodemus Frischlin
Frischlin, Philipp Nikodemus German Philologist And Poet, Was Born On Sept. 22, At Balin Gen, Wurttemberg, Where His Father Was Parish Minister. He Was Educated At Tubingen, Where He Became (1568) Professor Of Poetry And History. In 1575 For His Comedy Of Rebecca, Which He Read At Regensburg Before The ...
Piero De Franceschi
Franceschi, Piero De', Called Piero Della Fran Cesca (c. 1418-1492), Italian Painter Of The Umbrian School. He Was Born At Borgo San Sepolcro In Umbria. His Father, A Well-to Do Cloth Merchant, Was Married Twice; And It Is Supposed That The Second Wife, Francesca Cenci Of Arezzo, Was Piero's Mother— ...
Pierre Simon Fournier
Fournier, Pierre Simon , French En Graver And Typefounder, Was Born At Paris On Sept. 15, 1712. He Designed Many New Characters, And His Foundry Became Celebrated Not Only In France, But In Foreign Countries. His Table Des Pro Portions Qu'il Faut Observer Entre Les Caracteres (173 7) Was Followed ...
Prince Nikolaus
Nikolaus), Prince (1828-1885), Prussian General Field Marshal, Son Of Prince Charles Of Prussia And Grandson Of King Frederick William Iii., Was Born In Berlin On March 20, 1828. He Entered The Army On His Tenth Birthday As Second Lieutenant In The 14th Foot Guards. He Studied At Bonn Where He ...
Principles Of Modern Field
Principles Of Modern Field Defences While The Basic Principle Of Hitting The Enemy Without Being Hit Oneself Remains Unchanged, The Increased Efficiency Of Artillery And Small Arms And The Introduction Of Tanks Have Considerably Affected The Design Of Field Fortification. In Early Times Command And An Unclimbable Obstacle Were Necessary; ...
Protection Of Adjoining Structures
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Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus
Gallienus, Publius Licinius Egnatius, Ro Man Emperor From A.d. 260 To 268, Son Of The Emperor Valerian, Was Born About 218. From 253 To 26o He Reigned Conjointly With His Father, During Which Time He Gave Proof Of Military Ability. But When His Father Was Taken Prisoner By Shapur I. ...
Question
Question) . ...
Rabah Zobeir Bagirmi
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Real Estate Frauds
Real Estate Frauds The "peak Game" Is Played By Fraudulent Real Estate Agents. First, The Victim Is Sold A Lot ; Then, Called To Another Real Estate Office, The Victim Hears That A Buyer Will Pay Several Times The Price Of The First Lot If, With It, The Former Will ...
Richard Fox
Fox, Richard Successively Bishop Of Exeter, Bath And Wells, Durham And Winchester, Lord Privy Seal, And Founder Of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, Was Born About 1448 At Ropesley, Near Grantham, Lincolnshire. His Parents Be Longed To The Yeoman Class, And There Is Some Obscurity About Fox's Early Career. He Probably ...
Robert Franz
Franz, Robert German Composer, Whose Original Name Was Knauth, Born At Halle On June 28, 1815, Was One Of The Most Gifted Of German Song Writers. He Was 20 Years Old When His Father Reluctantly Allowed Him To Go To Dessau To Study Organ-playing Under Schneider. The Two Years Of ...
Robert Frost
Frost, Robert ), American Poet, Was Born In San Francisco (calif.), March 26, 1875. His Father Was A New Englander And His Mother Was Born In Edinburgh. In 1885 He Moved With His Parents To Lawrence (mass.), Studied In The Public Schools, And Entered Dartmouth College In 1892, Remaining There ...
Robert Fulton
Fulton, Robert American Engineer, Was Born In 1765 In Little Britain (now Fulton, Lancaster County), Pa. At An Early Age He Was Bound Apprentice To A Jeweller In Philadelphia, But Subsequently Adopted Portrait And Landscape Painting As His Profession. In 1787 With The Object Of Studying With His Countryman, Benjamin ...
Robert Were Fox
Fox, Robert Were (1789-1877), English Geologist, Was Born At Falmouth On April 26, 1789. He Made Researches On The Internal Temperature Of The Earth, Being The First To Prove That The Heat Increased Definitely With The Depth; His Observations Being Conducted In Cornish Mines From 1815 For A Period Of ...
Roger Elliot Fry
Fry, Roger Elliot (1866-1934), British Painter And Art Critic, Son Of Sir Edward Fry, Was Born In London, And Edu Cated At Clifton And King's College, Cambridge. He Studied Paint Ing Under Francis Bate And Then In Paris, And Exhibited At The Carfax Gallery, London, In 1903. His Work, Notably ...
Saint Fridolin Or Fridold
Fridolin Or Fridold, Saint (fl. 6th Century), Irish Missionary, Is First Mentioned By The Monk Balther, At The Begin Ning Of The I I Th Century, As Belonging To A Noble Irish Family, And As Having Been The First Missionary From Ireland To Work Among The Alamanni On The Upper ...
Saint Fulgentius
Fulgentius, Saint (468-533), Bishop Of Ruspe, In The Province Of Byzacene, In North Africa, Was Born At Telepte. He Was Well Educated And Became Fiscal Procurator, But Later Took Up The Monastic Life. About The Year 500, Persecution Drove Him To Syracuse And Rome. On His Return He Was Made ...
Sea Of Galilee
Galilee, Sea Of, A Lake In Palestine Through Which Flows The River Jordan. It Is 14 M. Long, 8 M. Broad, Has A Superficial Area Of 112 Sq.m. And Lies 68o Ft. Below The Level Of The Mediter Ranean Sea. Its Maximum Depth Is 15o Ft. The Excessive Depth Which ...
Sexagesimal Fractions
Sexagesimal Fractions Nature And Origin.-fractions Written On The Scale Of 6o (latin, Sexaginta) Are Called Sexagesimal Fractions (from The Latin Sexagesimus, Both). Since The Babylonians Wrote Their Numbers On A Combined Scale Of Io And 6o, In Which The Character For I Represented Any Power Of 6o, They Naturally Used ...
Sextus Iulius Frontinus
Frontinus, Sextus Iulius (c. A.d. Roman Soldier And Author. In 7o He Was City Praetor, And Five Years Later Succeeded Petilius Cerealis As Governor Of Britain. He Subdued The Silures, And Held The Other Native Tribes In Check Till He Was Superseded By Agricola (78). In 97 He Was Appointed ...