Eric Xiv
Eric Xiv. 7 7) , King Of Sweden, Was The Only Son Of Gustavus Vasa And Catherine Of Saxe-lauenburg. He Became King In 1561, And Owing To His Morbid Fear Of The Nobility, He Gave His Confidence To Goran Persson, An Upstart. Having Quar Relled With, And Imprisoned, The Royal ...
Ericaceae
Ericaceae, In Botany, A Family Of Plants Belonging To The Higher Or Sympetalous Division Of Dicotyledons. They Are Mostly Woody Plants, With A Slender Creeping Stem As In Bilberry (blueberry), Vaccinium (fig. I), Or Forming Low Bushes As In The Heaths, Or Sometimes Becoming Tree-like, As In Species Of Rhododendron. ...
Eridanus
Eridanus, In Astronomy, A Large Constellation (q.v.) Of The Southern Hemisphere, Stretching From Near Rigel At The Heel Of Orion (q.v.) To Achernar (a Eridani), Not Far From The South Polar Circle. A Eridani Is The Only Star (q.v.) At Present Of The First Magnitude In This Constellation. The Double ...
Eridu
Eridu (modern Abu Shahrein) In 31° N. And 46° E., An Ancient City Of Mesopotamia. The Report Of Taylor's Excavations In 18s5 Were The Only Source Of Information About This Important City Until R. Campbell Thompson Carried Out Excavations In He Found A Long Brick Stamp Of The Eighth King ...
Erie Railroad Company
Erie Railroad Company Operates One Of The Lead Ing Trunk-line Railroads Connecting New York City With Chicago, Ill. The Original Company, The New York And Erie Railroad Company, Incorporated By A Special Act Of The Legislature Of The State Of New York, April 24, 1832, Met With Financial Reverses And ...
Erie
Erie, A City Of Pennsylvania, U.s.a., In The North-western Corner Of The State, On Lake Erie; A Port Of Entry, The County-seat Of Erie County, And An Important Manufacturing And Commercial City. It Is On Federal Highways 6, 19 And 20 ; Has An Airport ; And Is Served By ...
Erigone
Erigone, In Greek Mythology, Daughter Of Icarius, The Hero Of The Attic Deme Icaria. Her Father, Who Had Been Taught By Dionysus To Make Wine, Gave Some To Some Shepherds, Who Be Came Intoxicated. Their Companions Thinking They Had Been Poisoned, Killed Icarius And Buried Him Under A Tree On ...
Erin
Erin (er-un, Eng. Er'in), An Ancient Name For Ireland. The Oldest Form Of The Word Is Eriu (mid. Irish Heriu, Dative Herina), Of Which Erinn Is The Dative Case. Eriu Was Itself Almost Certainly A Contraction From A Still More Primitive Form Iveriu For An Older *iverio (or *piverio; Cf. ...
Erinna
Erinna, Greek Poet, Friend Of Sappho, Flourished About 600 (according To Eusebius, 35o B.e.). Although She Died At The Age Of 19, Her Poems Were Among The Most Famous Of Her Time. Of Her Best Known Poem 'haarcarrl (the Distaff), Written In A Mixture Of Aeolic And Doric, Which Contained ...
Erinyes
Erinyes (e-rin'i-ez), Less Correctly Erinnyes, In Greek Mythology, The Name Given To The Avenging Deities, Probably Personified Curses, But Possibly In Their Origin Ghosts Of The Murdered (lat. Furiae). According To Hesiod (theog., 185) They Were The Daughters Of Earth, And Sprang From The Blood Of The Mutilated Uranus; In ...
Eris
Eris, In Greek Mythology, A Sister Of The War-god Ares (homer, Iliad, Iv. 44o) , And In The Hesiodic Theogony (225) A Daughter Of Night. In The Later Legends Of The Trojan War, Eris, Not Having Been Invited To The Marriage Festival Of Peleus And Thetis, Flings A Golden Apple, ...
Eristic
Eristic, The Art Of Disputation, Especially That Form Of It Which Aims At Personal Triumph Rather Than At The Discovery Of Truth (greek Epi S, Strife) . The Eristics Were A Group Of Sophists Led Apparently By Euclid Of Megara (hence Their Other Name, The Megarians), Who Were Specially Addicted ...
Erith
Erith, An Urban District In The Dartford Parliamentary Di Vision Of Kent, England, 15 M. E. By S. Of London, On The Southern Railway. Pop. (1931) 32,780. It Lies On The South Bank Of The Thames And Extends Up The Hills Above The Shore, Many Villas Having Been Erected On ...
Eritrea
Eritrea (d-re-trd'g), An Italian Colony On The African Coast Of The Red Sea. Area, 45,734 Sq.m. Pop. (1931) 621,621, Including 5,00o Europeans, Of Whom 4,565 Were Italians. It Extends From Ras Kasar, A Cape 110 M. S. Of Suakin, In 18° 2' N., As Far As Ras Dumeira (12° 42' ...
Erivan Or Irwan
Erivan Or Irwan, (i) The Capital Town Of Armenian S.s.r. Situated In 4o° 16' N., 35' E., 234 M. By Rail South South-west Of Tiflis, On The Zanga River, From Which A Great Number Of Irrigation Canals Are Drawn. Altitude, 3,17o Feet. Pop. 113,20o. After The Creation Of The Armenian ...
Erlangen
Erlangen, A Town Of Germany, In The Land Of Bavaria, On A Fertile Plain, At The Confluence Of The Schwabach And The Regnitz, I I M. N.w. Of Nuremberg, On The Railway From Nurem Berg To Bamberg. Pop. (1933) 32,37r. In 1017 Erlangen Was Transferred From The Bishopric Of Wiirzburg ...
Erlkonig Or Erl King
Erlkonig Or Erl-king, A Mythical Character In Mod Ern German Literature, Does Not Exist In Ancient German Myth Ology. The Name Is Linguistically Merely The Perpetuation Of A Blunder In Herder's Stimmen Der Volker (1778), Where It Is Used In The Translation Of The Danish Song Of The Elf-king's Daughter ...
Ermanaric
Ermanaric (ft. King Of The East Goths, Be Longed To The Amali Family, And Was The Son Of Achiulf. His Name Occurs As Ermanaricus (jordanes), Airmanareiks (gothic), Eormenric (a. Sax.), Jormunrek (norse), Ermenrich (m.h. German) . His Vast Kingdom Eventually Extended From The Danube To The Baltic And From The ...
Ermeland Or Ermland
Ermeland Or Ermland (varmia), A District In East Prussia, Extending From The Frisches Haff Inland Towards The Polish Frontier. It Is A Well-wooded Sandy Tract Of Country, Has An Area Of About I,65osq.m., A Population Of 240,000, And Is Di Vided Into The Districts Of Braunsberg, Heilsberg, Rossel And Al ...
Ermelo
Ermelo, A Magisterial District Of The Transvaal, Bordering On Swaziland, And Including The Sources Of The Vaal, Olifants, Komati And Usuto Rivers. The General Elevation Of The Region Is Over 5,00o Feet. The Principal Occupations Are Pastoralism And Agriculture. A Considerable Amount Of Maize Is Grown. Coal And Gold Are ...
Ermine Street
Ermine Street. Documents And Writers Of The Iith And Succeeding Centuries Occasionally Mention Four "royal Roads" In Britain—icknield Street, Erning Or Ermine Street, Watling Street And Foss Way—as Standing Apart From All Other Existing Roads And Enjoying The Special Protection Of The King. Unfortunately These Authorities Are Not At All ...
Ermine
Ermine, An Alternative Name For The Stoat (mustela Erminea), Applicable In Its Proper Sense Only When The Animal Is In Its White Winter Coat. This Animal Measures Loin. In Length Exclusive Of The Tail, Which Is About 4in. Long, And Bushy Towards The Point. The Fur In Summer Is Reddish ...
Ermoldus Nigellus
Ermoldus Nigellus, A Monk Of Aquitaine, Accom Panied King Pepin, Son Of The Emperor Louis I., On A Campaign Into Brittany In 824. Banished From Pepin's Court On A Charge Of Inciting The King Against His Father, He Retired To Strasbourg, Where He Sought To Regain The Emperor's Favour By ...
Erne
Erne, Name Of A River And Two Lakes In North-west Ireland. The River Rises In Lough Gowna, Co. Longford, Flows North Through Lough Oughter, And Then Broadens Into Upper Lough Erne, A Shallow Sheet Of Water 13 M. Long, Thickly Studded With Islands. It Winds Past The Town Of Enniskillen ...
Ernest Augustus
Ernest Augustus (1771-1851), King Of Hanover And Duke Of Cumberland, Fifth Son Of George Iii., King Of England, Was Born At Kew On June 5, 1771. He Studied At Gottingen, Entered The Hanoverian Army, And Served As A Leader Of Cavalry When War Broke Out Between Great Britain And France ...
Ernest I Ernst Anton
Ernest I. (ernst Anton Karl Ludwig), Duke Of Saxe Coburg-gotha (1784-1844), Son Of Francis, Duke Of Saxe-coburg Saalfeld, Was Born On Jan. 2, 1784. At The Time Of His Father's Death (dec. 9, 1806) The Duchy Of Coburg Was Occupied By Na Poleon, And Ernest Did Not Come Into His ...
Ernest Ii
Ernest Ii., Duke Of Saxe-coburg-gotha (1818-1893) , Was Born At Coburg On June 21, 1818, The Eldest Son Of Duke Ernest I., Whom He Succeeded In 1844. His Own Character And The Influence Of The King Of The Belgians Made Him One Of The Most Liberal Princes In Germany. He ...
Ernst Moritz Ludwig Ettmuller
Ettmuller, Ernst Moritz Ludwig (1802 1877), German Philologist, Was Born At Gersdorf Near Lobau, In Saxony, On Oct. 5, 180 2. He Studied From 1823 To 1826 At The University Of Leipzig. In 1830 He Delivered At Jena, Under The Auspices Of The University, A Course Of Lectures On The ...
Erode
Erode, A Town Of British India, In The Coimbatore District Of Madras, On The Right Bank Of The River Cauvery, Here Crossed By A Railway Girder Bridge. Pop. (1931) 33,672. Here The South Indian Railway Joins The South-western Line Of The Madras Railway, 243 M. From Madras. The Town Is ...
Eros
Eros (er'os), In Greek Mythology, God Of Love. He Is Not Mentioned In Homer; In Hesiod (theog. 12o) He Is A Primeval God, Son Of Chaos. This Cosmic Eros Is Further Elaborated In Orphic Cosmogony. A Cult Of Eros Existed At Parium And At Thespiae In Boeotia. He Was God, ...
Eros_2
Eros, An Asteroid Of Exceptional Interest Owing To Its Close Approaches To The Earth. In 1898 The Number Of Known Asteroids Had Mounted Up To Over Four Hundred, And As There Was Consider Able Monotony In Their Appearance And In The Nature Of Their Orbits Many Astronomers Were Beginning To ...
Erpenius
Erpenius (original Name Van Erpe) , Thomas (1584 1624), Dutch Orientalist, Was Born At Gorcum, In Holland, On Sept. Ii, 1584. He Studied At Leiden, And By The Advice Of Scaliger Took Up Oriental Languages Whilst Taking His Course Of Theology. He Afterwards Travelled In England, France, Italy And Germany. ...
Erroll
Erroll (or Errol), Francis Hay, 9th Earl Of (d. 1631), Scottish Nobleman, Was The Son Of Andrew, 8th Earl, And Of Lady Jean Hay, Daughter Of William, 6th Earl. He Succeeded To The Earldom (cr. 1453) In 1585, Was Early Converted To Roman Catholicism, And As The Associate Of Huntly ...
Error
Error. The Words "error Excepted" Or "errors And Omissions Excepted" (contracted To "e.e.," "e. & O.e.") Are Frequently Placed At The End Of A Statement Of Account Or An Invoice, So That The Accounting Party May Reserve The Right To Correct Any Errors Or Omissions Which May Be Subsequently Discovered, ...
Erubescite
Erubescite : See Bornite. The Rose, St. Anthony's Fire- An Acute Contagious Disease, Characterized By A Spreading Inflam Mation Of The Skin, Caused By Streptococcus Erysipelatis. Ery Sipelas Is Endemic In Most Countries, And Epidemic At Certain Seasons, Particularly The Spring Of The Year. The Disease Seems To Depend In ...
Erythrae
Erythrae, One Of The Ionian Cities Of Asia Minor, Situ Ated On A Small Peninsula Stretching Into The Bay Of Erythrae, At An Equal Distance From The Mountains Mimas And Corycus, And Directly Opposite The Island Of Chios. In The Peninsula Excellent Wine Was Produced. The Town Was Said To ...
Erythrite
Erythrite, The Name Given To (i) A Mineral Composed Of A Hydrated Cobalt Arsenate, And (2) In Chemistry, A Tetrahydric Alcohol (see Erythritol). (i) The Mineral Has The Formula Co3 And Crystallizes In The Monoclinic System. It Sometimes Occurs As Radially-arranged Groups Of Brilliant Crimson Blade-shaped Crystals. On Exposure To ...
Erythritol
Erythritol Is An Alcohol, Allied To The Carbohydrates (q.v.), And Having Four Alcoholic (hydroxyl Groups)—a Tetra Hydric Alcohol. It Is Also Known By Many Synonyms; E.g., Butan Esterol, Erythrite, Erythrol, Erythromannite, Erythroglucin And Phycite. Its Formula Is Erythritol Crystallizes From Water In Large Lustrous Quadratic Prisms Having A Sweet Taste ...
Erzerum
Erzerum, The Chief Town Of An Important Vilayet Of The Same Name In Asiatic Turkey. Pop. (1935), 33,127. It Is A Mili Tary Station And A Fortress Of Considerable Strategical Value, Closing The Roads From Kars, Olti And Other Parts Of The Frontier. Several Important Routes From Trebizond And Various ...
Erzgebirge
Erzgebirge, A Mountain Chain Extending From The Elbe To Elstergebirge On The Frontier Between Saxony And Bohemia (ger. Erz, Ore, Gebirge, Mountain). Its Length From East-north East To West-south-west Is About 8o M. And Its Average Breadth About 25 Miles. The Southern Slope Is Generally Steep And Rug Ged, Forming ...
Erzingan Or Erzinjan
Erzingan Or Erzinjan (arsinga Of The Middle Ages), The Chief Town Of A Vilayet Of The Same Name In Asiatic Turkey. Pop. (1927) 51,789. It Is A Place Of Some Military Im Portance, With Large Barracks And Military Factories. It Is Situated At An Altitude Of 3,90o Ft., Near The ...
Esau
Esau, Identified In Hebrew Tradition With Edom, The Epony Mous Ancestor Of The Edomites, Is The Son Of Isaac And Rebekah And Elder Twin Brother Of Jacob (gen. Xxv. 24-26). This Narrative Probably Represents An Earlier Superiority Of Edom Over Israel, Further Attested By The View That Edom Was A ...
Esbjerg
Esbjerg, Seaport, Denmark, On The West Coast Of Jutland. Its Population Grew From 13 In 1868 To 27,405 In 193o. The In Crease Is Due Entirely To The Construction Of The Harbour And Rail Way In 1874. It Is Now An Important Commercial Centre, With The Only Good Harbour On ...
Escalante
Escalante, A Municipality (with Administration Centre And Ii Barrios Or Districts) And Port (sheltered By Coral Reefs) Of The Province Of Negros Occidental, Of The Island Of Negros, Philippine Islands, On The North-east Coast On Tanon Strait, 329 M. From Manila. Pop. (1918), Of Whom Only 7 Were Whites. In ...
Escalators
Escalators. An Escalator Is A Form Of Moving Staircase In Which Motion In The Plane Of Ascent Is Imparted To The Stairs By Mechanical Means. Therefore A Person Standing On A Step Will Be Carried Up Or Down According To The Direction Of Motion. The Early Moving Staircases Were, In ...
Escanaba
Escanaba, A City Of Upper Michigan, U.s.a., On Little Bay De Noc, An Inlet Of Green Bay (lake Michigan) ; A Port Of Entry And The County Seat Of Delta County. It Is On Federal Highways 2 And 41, And Is Served By The Chicago And Northwestern, The Escanaba And ...
Escape
Escape, A Verb Meaning To Get Away From, Especially From Impending Danger Or Harm, To Avoid Capture, To Regain One's Lib Erty After Capture. As A Substantive, "escape," In Law, Is The Re Gaining Of Liberty By One In Custody Contrary To Due Process Of Law (see Rescue). "escape" Is ...
Esch A Alz
Esch A Alz, A Town Of Luxembourg, On The River Alzette, Near The Frontier In The South-western Corner Of The Country. It Has Important Coal And Iron Mines And Has Light Railway Communi Cations With The Main Lines Serving Belgium, France And Germany. Pop. , C. 30,006. ...
Eschatology
Eschatology (the "doctrine Of Last Things") Is A Theo Logical Term Derived From The New Testament Phrases "the Last Day" Eqxqtn Hµepcc John Vi. 39) "the Last Times" (e* Eqx(5.rwv Troy Xpovwv I. Peter I. 20), "the Last State" (ta Matt. Xii. 45) A Conception Taken Over From Ancient Prophecy ...
Escheat
Escheat, In English Law, The Reversion Of Lands To The Next Lord On The Failure Of Heirs Of The Tenant. This Rule Is Explained By The Conception Of A Freehold Estate As An Interest In Lands Held By The Freeholder From Some Lord, The King Being Lord Paramount. (see Estate.) ...
Eschwege
Eschwege, A Town Of Germany, In The Prussian Province Of Hesse-nassau, On The Werra, 28 M. S.e. Of Cassel. Pop. (1933) 12,869. In The 13th And I4th Centuries It Belonged Alternately To Thuringia And Hesse, But Passed Definitely To The Latter At The Beginning Of The 15th Century. It Consists ...
Eschweiler
Eschweiler, A Town Of Germany, In The Prussian Rhine Province, On The Inde, And The Cologne-herbesthal Railway, About 8 M. E.n.e. From Aix-la-chapelle. Pop. (1933) 34,73r. The Manufacture Of Iron, Steel And Zinc Goods Is Carried On; Other Industries Include Tanning, Distilling And Brewing. In The Neigh Bourhood There Are ...
Escorial Or Escurial
Escorial Or Escurial, In Spain, Is One Of The Most Re Markable Buildings In Europe, Comprising A Convent, A Church, A Palace And A Mausoleum. It Is Situated In Wild And Barren Coun Try 3,432 F T. Above The Sea, On The South-western Slopes Of The Sierra De Guadarrama, Within ...
Escrow
Escrow, A Written Agreement Entered Into By Three Parties, The Obligor, The Obligee, And The Depositary, For The Transfer Or Conveyance Of Certain Property. The Sealed Agreement Of The Obligor (generally Accompanied By The Deed, Bond Or Chattel To Be Conveyed) Made Contingent Upon Some Future Happening, Or Upon The ...
Escudo
Escudo, The Monetary Unit Of Portugal. Prior To The Revolu Tion, The Monetary Unit Was The Milreis, Equivalent Nominally To 108 Cents, But As Portugal Has Never Adopted The Full Gold Stand Ard, The Milreis Fluctuated Widely In Value. The Result Of The Revolution Was To Change The Name Of ...
Escuintla
Escuintla, A City Of Guatemala, Central America, 47m. W. Of Guatemala City On The Main Line Of The International Rail Ways Of Central America. Pop. About 13,000. Escuintla Is A Com Mercial Centre Of Some Importance, As It Lies At The Western Foot Of The Cordillera, And Has Tributary To ...
Escutcheon
Escutcheon, A Heraldic Term For A Shield With Armorial Bearings Displayed (see Heraldry). The Word Is Also Applied To The Ornamented Plates From The Centre Of Which Door-rings, Knockers, Etc., Are Suspended, Or Which Protect The Wood Of The Key-hole From The Wear Of The Key. ...
Esher
Esher, A Township In The Chertsey Parliamentary Division Of Surrey, England, On The Portsmouth Road, 142 M. S.w. Of London On The Southern Railway. It Is Pleasantly Situated On Rising Ground Above The River Mole, 3 M. From Its Junction With The Thames. Of The Ancient Mansion Of Esher Place, ...
Esker
Esker, A Name For Long And Often Winding Ridges Of Gravel And Sand In Regions Of Former Glaciation, Notably In Ireland, Sweden (where They Are Called Isar), And In The State Of Maine, U.s.a. Their Origin Has Given Rise To Much Controversy, But They Are Generally Considered To Represent The ...
Eskilstuna
Eskilstuna, A Town Of Sweden In The District (lan) Of Sodermanland On The Hjelmar River, Which Unites Lakes Hjelmar And Malar, 65 M. W. Of Stockholm By Rail. Pop. , 33,081. It Is Mentioned In The 13th Century, And Is Said To Derive Its Name From Eskil, An English Missionary ...
Eskimo Language
Eskimo Language. This Language Is Spoken With Only A Few Varieties Of Dialect From Greenland Along The Arctic Coasts Of Canada To The Bering Straits (eskimo Settlements On The Asiatic Side) And Along The Southern Coasts Of Alaska, On The South Coast Near To Mt. Elias. On The Aleutian Islands ...
Eskimos
Eskimos. The Name Eskimo Is Said To Have Come From Indian Neighbours To The South, And To Signify People Who Eat Their Food Raw. This Name Seizes Upon One Of The Striking Cultural Differences Between The Eskimos And At Least The Most Northerly Athabascans Of Canada. The Slaveys And 'dog-ribs, ...
Esmeraldan
Esmeraldan, An Independent Linguistic Stock Of South American Indians, Whose Name Is Derived From The Province Of Esmeraldas In Ecuador. The Esmeraldan Tribes Occupied The Coast Region Extending From The Bahia De Caraques Northward To The Mouth Of The Esmeraldas River. They Are Now Practically Ex Tinct. According To The ...
Esna
Esna, A Town Of Upper Egypt On The West Bank Of The Nile, M. S.s.e. Of Cairo By Rail, The Railway Station Being On The Opposite Side Of The River. Pop. 16,000, Mostly Copts. Esna, One Of The Healthiest Towns In Egypt, Is Noted For Its Manufactures Of Pottery And ...
Esoteric
Esoteric, Having An Inner Or Secret Meaning. This Term, And Its Correlative "exoteric," Were First Applied In The Ancient Greek Mysteries To Those Who Were Initiated Within) And To Those Who Were Not (eco, Outside), Respectively. It Was Then Transferred To A Supposed Distinction Drawn By Certain Philoso Phers Between ...
Espalier
Espalier, A Lattice-work Or Row Of Stalks, Originally Shoulder High, On Which Fruit Trees, Shrubs And Flowers, Partic Ularly Roses And Creepers, Are Trained. Espaliers Are Usually Made Of Larch Or Other Wood, Iron And Metal Rails Being Too Great Con Ductors Of Heat And Cold. The Advantage Of This ...
Esparto Or Spanish Grass
Esparto Or Spanish Grass (stipa Tenacissima), A Grass Resembling The Ornamental Feather-grass Of Gardens. It Is Indigenous To South Spain And North Africa (where It Is Known As Haifa Or Alfa), And Is Especially Abundant In The Sterile And Rugged Parts Of Murcia And Valencia, And In Algeria, Flourishing Best ...
Esperance
Esperance, A Small Seaport On A Natural Harbour (esper Ance Bay) On The South Coast Of W. Australia, 275 M. N.e. From Albany. Some Importance Attaches To It Because Of The Large Areas Of Wheat Lands Which Are Being Opened Up In The Hinterland. The Railway From Esperance To Salmon ...
Espionage
Espionage. The Word "espionage" And Its Equivalents In Most European Languages Are Derived From A Germanic Root Which Appears In The Word Spatien. The Essential Feature Of Espionage Is Its Clandestine Character. Espionage As Practised Between States May, Therefore, Be Defined As "the Attempt To Obtain By Clandestine Means, For ...
Espirito Santo
Espirito Santo, A Maritime State Of Brazil, Bounded North By Bahia, East By The Atlantic Ocean, South By Rio De Janeiro, And West By Minas Geraes. Pop. (193o) 661,416. Area, 17,248 Sq.m. With The Exception Of Sergipe It Is The Smallest Of The Brazilian States. The Western Border Of The ...
Esquimault
Esquimault. A Naval And Military Station Situated On The South Of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, And Connected By An Electric Railway To Victoria And Nanaimo. It Has An Excel Lent Harbour, Navy Yard, Meteorological Station And Barracks For Naval And Military Purposes, All Of Which Have Been Handed Over To ...
Esquire
Esquire, Originally The Attendant On A Knight, Whose Helm, Shield And Lance He Carried At The Tournament Or On The Field Of Battle. The Esquire Ranked Immediately Below The Knight Bachelor, And His Office Was Regarded As The Apprentice Stage Of Knighthood. The Title Was Regarded As One Of Function, ...
Essad
Essad (c. 1875-1920), Turkish Pasha And Albanian Leader, Sprang From The Rich Albanian Family Of The Toptani, And Was Born At Elbasan. He Entered The Political Service Of The Sultan `abdul Hamid, And When The Turkish Revolution Broke Out Joined The New Movement And Was Deputy For Albania In The ...
Essayist Essay
Essay, Essayist. As A Form Of Literature, The Essay Is A Composition Of Moderate Length, Usually In Prose, Which Deals In An Easy, Cursory Way With A Subject, And, In Strictness, With That Sub Ject Only As It Affects The Writer. Dr. Johnson, Himself An Eminent Essayist, Defines An Essay ...
Essen
Essen, A Manufacturing Town Of Germany, In The Prus Sian Rhine Province, 22 M. N.e. From Dusseldorf On The Main Line Of Railway To Berlin. Pop. Essen Was Originally The Seat Of A Benedictine Nunnery, And Was Formed Into A Town About The Middle Of The Loth Century By The ...
Essenes I
Essenes. (i) Meaning.—the Essenes, Who Included The Therapeutae And Hemerobaptists, Were A Body Of Pre-christian Jews Who Lived A Monastic Life : Whether They Are To Be Regarded As A Distinct Sect Is A Matter Of Controversy. But There Is General Agreement That From The Maccabaean Age And Onward, If ...
Essential Oils
Essential Oils. The Terms Essential, Ethereal Or Volatile Oils Are Applied To Volatile Odoriferous Bodies Of An Oily Character, Obtained Almost Exclusively From Vegetable Sources. They Must Be Distinguished From The Two Other Great Groups Of Naturally Occurring Substances With Which They Share The General Name "oil," Or For None ...
Essentuki
Essentuki, A Town In The Terek County Of The North Caucasian Area, U.s.s.r., In Lat. 44° 2' N., Long. 42° 48' E. It Is I I Miles West By Rail From Pyatigorsk, Altitude 2,096 Feet. In The Last Thirty Years The Population Has Increased From 9,974 To 23,218 (in 1926) ...
Essequibo Or Essequebo
Essequibo Or Essequebo, One Of The Three Counties Of British Guiana, Taking Its Name From The River Essequibo. (see Guiana.) ...
Essex
Essex, An Eastern County Of England, Bounded North By Cambridgeshire And Suffolk, East By The North Sea, South By The Thames, Dividing It From Kent, West By The Administrative Coun Ties Of London, Middlesex And Hertfordshire. Its Area Is 1,53o Square Miles. Its Configuration Is Sufficiently Indicated By The Direction ...
Esslingen
Esslingen, A Town Of Germany, In The Land Of Wurt Temberg, In A Fertile District On The Neckar, 9 M. S.e. From Stuttgart, On The Railway To Ulm. Pop. (1933) 43,089. Esslingen, Which Dates From The 8th Century, Became A Town In 886. It Became A Free Imperial City In ...
Establishment Of A Port
Establishment Of A Port, The Technical Expression For The Time That Elapses Between The Moon's Transit Across The Meridian At New Or Full Moon At A Given Place And The Time Of Highwater At That Place. The Interval (constant At Any One Place) May Vary From 6 Mins. (harwich) To ...
Establishment
Establishment, A Word Applied To Certain Religious Bodies In Their Relation To The State. Perhaps The Best Definition Which Can Be Given, And Which Will Cover All Cases, Is That Establishment Implies The Existence Of Some Definite And Distinctive Relation Between The State And A Religious Society (or Conceivably More ...
Estate And House Agents
Estate And House Agents. A Person Exercising The Calling Of A House Agent In England Is Required, Under A Penalty, To Take Out Yearly A Licence Upon Which Is Charged Excise Duty, Unless He Is Licensed As An Auctioneer Or Appraiser, Or Is An Agent Employed In The Management Of ...
Estate Duties
Estate Duties. From Early Times The Occasion Of Death Has Provided A Convenient Opportunity For The Sovereign Or The State To Participate In The Reckoning Which Necessarily Follows A Man's Death. The Casualties Incident To Feudal Tenure Were In Effect Taxes On Successions To Property Levied By The Sovereigns Of ...
Estate
Estate, The State Or Condition In Which A Man Lives, Now Chiefly Used Poetically And In Such Phrases As "man's Estate," Or "of High Estate" ; "state" Has Superseded Most Of The Uses Of The Word Except (i) In Property, And (2) In Constitutional Law. ...
Este
Este, Town And Episcopal See, Venetia (anc. Ateste, Q.v.), Italy, Province Of Padua, 20 M. S.s.w. Of Padua By Rail. Pop. 11,490 (town) ; 13,836 (commune). It Lies 49 Ft. Above Sea-level Below And South Of The Euganean Hills. The Adige Ran Close To The Town Until A.d. 589 But ...
Estella
Estella, A Town Of Northern Spain, Province Of Navarre, On The Left Bank Of The River Ega, 15 M. W.s.w. Of Pamplona. Pop. Estella, Built On The Site Of A Former Roman Settlement, Contains Several Monasteries, Three Fine Mediaeval Churches, And A College Which Was Formerly A University. It Has ...
Esterhazy Of Galantha
Esterhazy Of Galantha, A Noble Magyar Family. Its Origin Has Been Somewhat Doubtfully Traced To Salamon Of Estoras, Whose Sons Peter And Illyes Divided Their Patrimony In 1238. Peter Founded The Family Of Zerhazy, And Illyes That Of Illyeshazy, Which Became Extinct In The Male Line In 1838. The First ...
Esters
Esters, In Organic Chemistry, Compounds Formed By The Condensation Of An Alcohol And An Acid, With Elimination Of Water. Since This Process Is Analogous To The Neutralization Of An Acid By A Basic Hydroxide In Salt Formation These Esters Were Formerly Called Ethereal Salts. But This Older Term Is Misleading, ...
Estes Park
Estes Park, A Village At The Eastern Entrance To The Rocky Mountain National Park, In Larimer U.s.a., 55m. N.w. Of Denver, At An Altitude Of 7,500 Feet. The Nearest Railroad Station Is Lyons, On The Burlington Route, 21m. South-east. The Population Of The Precinct Was 417 In 193o. It Is ...
Esther
Esther. The Book Of Esther Relates How A Jewish Maiden, Cousin And Foster-daughter Of Mordecai, Became The Queen Of The Persian King Ahasuerus (xerxes, See Ahasuerus) ; How Esther And Mordecai Frustrated Haman's Endeavour To Extirpate The Jews; How Haman, The Grand Vizier, Fell, And Mordecai Succeeded Him ; How ...
Estherville
Estherville, A City Of Northern Iowa, U.s.a., On The Des Moines River, 5m. From The Minnesota State Line; The County Seat Of Emmet County. It Is Served By The Rock Island And The Min Neapolis And St. Louis Railways. The Population Was 5,084 In 1925 (state Census) ; 1930 It ...
Estienne Or Etienne
Estienne Or Etienne (latinized To Stephanus), A French Family Of Scholars And Printers. The Founder Of The House Was Henri Estienne (d. 1520), Of A Noble Family Of Provence, Who Came To Paris In 1502, And Set Up A Printing Establishment At The Top Of The Rue Saint-jean De Beauvais. ...
Estimates
Estimates. In British National Finance, The Expenditure Of Public Money Is Safeguarded By The Yearly Preparation, By Each Spending Department Of State, Of An Official Estimate Of The Amount Required To Carry On The Business Of The Department In The Forthcoming Financial Year. The British Financial Year Begins In April ...
Eston
Eston, Urban District, Cleveland Parliamentary Division, North Riding Of Yorkshire, England, 4 M. E.s.e. Of Middles Brough, On A Branch Of The L.n.e. Railway. Pop. (1931), 31,142, It Is Situated At An Altitude Of Between 10o And R 5o Ft. At The Foot Of The North-westward Facing Scarp Of Eston ...
Estonia
Estonia, Independent Republic Created February 1918, Tending From 57° 27' N. To 59° 42' N. And From 21° 46' E. To 28° 21' E.: Bounded North By The Gulf Of Finland, West By The Baltic Sea And The Gulf Of Riga, South- By Latvia And East By Russia. Area 47,559 ...
Estoppel
Estoppel, A Rule In The Law Of Evidence By Which A Party In Litigation Is Prohibited From Asserting Or Denying Some Alleged Fact. Estoppel Is Said To Arise In Three Ways—(i) By Record Or Judgment, (2) By Deed, And (3) By Matter In Pais Or Conduct. (i) Where A Cause ...
Estovers
Estovers, A Term In Common Law For The Wood Which A Tenant For Life Or Years May Take From The Land He Holds For Re Pair Of His House, The Implements Of Husbandry, And The Hedges And Fences, And For Firewood. The O.e. Word For Estover Was Bote Or Boot ...
Estreat
Estreat, Originally, A True Copy Or Duplicate Of Some Original Writing Or Record ; Now Used Only With Reference To The Enforcement Of A Forfeited Recognizance. At One Time It Was The Practice To Extract And Certify Into The Exchequer Copies Of En Tries In Court Rolls Which Contained Provisions ...