80 Heating And Ventilation
80 Heating And Ventilation Like The Overhead Steam System, The Over Head Hot-water System Is Especially Adapted To Large Buildings Where Each Drop May Supply A Line Of Radiators On The Various Floors Below. It Is Particularly Positive In Circulation, Owing To The Pressure Developed By The Weight Of The ...
A City Sewage Disposal Plant
A City Sewage-disposal Plant We Shall Now Consider The Construction And Operation Of A Sewage-disposal Plant For Munic Ipal Drainage. This Manner Of Disposing Of The Waste Matter Is Giving Universal Satisfaction. The Plant Here Described Will Take The Entire Waste Of The Town Or City For Which It Is ...
Automatic Instantaneous Water Heater
Automatic Instantaneous Water Heater Fig. 121 Illustrates A Type Of Water Heater Which Is Designed To Supply Automatically A Large Or Small Amount Of Hot Water At Any Given Tem Perature, For Instant Use. The Water Is Heated As Fast As It Is Drawn For Use. The Mixers In This ...
Factory Plumbing
Factory Plumbing This Is A Branch Of Plumbing To Which Too Little Attention Has Heretofore Been Paid, And Is A Very Profitable Field If Gone After Properly. A Trip Through A Number Of Factories Will, In The Majority Of Cases, Reveal Almost Anything But Sanitary Conditions—with All Due Respect To ...
Heating Accessories
Heating Accessories A Detailed Description Of All The Various Types Of Accessories Or Minor Appliances Used On Heating Work Would Require More Space Than Is Here Available, And We Shall Therefore Illus Trate And Describe Only Those Which Are Neces Sary To The Completion And To The Perfect Working Of ...
Hot Air Heating
Hot-air Heating The "hit Or Miss" Methods Which Have Been And Are Still Followed To A Great Extent In The Installation Of Furnaces And. Other Details Of Hot Air Heating Apparatus, Have Brought This Type Of Modern Heating System Into General Disrepute By Reason Of The Poor Results Necessarily Ob ...
Hot Water Heating
Hot-water Heating There Are To-day In Vogue Several Systems Of Heating By Hot Water, And Yet Only Two Gen Eral Fundamental Principles May Be Said To Be Involved In All The Various Systems—namely, Gravity And Forced Circulation. In The Gravity Systems, Circulation Is Caused By The Natural Effect Of Gravity ...
Hot Water Supply
Hot-water Supply There Are Various Ways Of Heating The Water For Domestic And Other Uses. We Shall First Take Up The Manner Of Heating By Range Boilers And Coils Or Water-backs, Passing On To Automatic And Instantaneous Heaters. Fig. 49 Shows The Common Method Of Con Necting A Range Boiler ...
Hydraulic Rams
Hydraulic Rams Hydraulic Rams Form A Convenient And Inex Pensive Method Of Delivering Water From A Lower To A Higher Point, And, After The First Cost Of Installation, Require Very Little Expenditure For Repairs, And Require Very Little Attention, As They Work Automatically. A Section Of A So-called Double-acting Or ...
Marine Plumbing
Marine Plumbing This Is A Class Of Work That The Average Plumber Does Not Meet With Very Often; And A Little Information May Be Of Interest To Those Not Acquainted With This Class Of Work. The Accompanying Illustrations Show What Is Known As The "ellis" System Of Marine Plumbing As ...
Modern Heating Apparatus
Modern Heating Apparatus Modern Heating Apparatus May Be Divided Into Three Principal Classes: (1) Hot-air; (2) Steam; (3) Hot-water, With Several Adapta Tions Of The Two Latter Divisions. To These May Rightly- Be Added The Later Types Of Apparatus Belonging To Systems Of Heating Known As The "vapor," "vacuum," And ...
Pipe And Boiler Insulation
Pipe And Boiler Insulation The Thorough Insulation Or Covering Of All Piping On A Steam Or Hot-water Heating Ap Paratus, As Well As The Covering Of All Exterior Surfaces On The Boiler Or Heater Not Occupied By The Various Pieces Of Plate-work (the Clean-out, Fire, And Draught Doors, The Frames, ...
Plumbing In Office Buildings
Plumbing In Office Buildings The Plumbing Work In Office Buildings, While It May Run Up To A Considerable Sum Of Money, On The Whole Consists Only Of A Number Of Small Jobs Bunched Together In One Large One. It Often Happens That The Main Sewer In The Street Is Higher ...
Private Sewerage Systems
Private Sewerage Systems It Frequently Happens That The Plumber Is Called Upon To Install Fixtures In Localities Where Sewer Systems, And The Disposition Of The Waste Matter From Water-closets, Become Quite A Problem. Fig. 103 Illustrates The Use Of The Old-fash Ioned Cesspool. For An Ordinary Residence, This May Be ...
Private Or Pneumatic Water
Private Or Pneumatic Water Systems Private Or Pneumatic Water Systems May Be Used In Country And City Homes, Factories, Large Buildings, Etc., Where There Is No City Water System; Where The City Water-supply Is Inade Quate For Fire Protection In Factories And Other Buildings, For Water Supply For Small Towns ...
Radiating Surfaces
Radiating Surfaces Radiating Surfaces Are To Be Had In A Multi Tude Of Shapes And Designs Adapted To Any De Sired Space Or Location. They Are Manufactured Of Cast Iron, Wrought Iron, And Steel, And Are Pro Duced Either In The Form Of The Ordinary Type Of Column Radiator Or ...
Roughing In
Roughing-in As We Now Have The Drain-pipe Into The Base Ment Of The Building, We Are Ready To Rough-in The Job, And A Few Words Regarding The Proper Manner Of Handling Soil-pipe Will Be Useful. Should Always Be Run Full At One Pouring; If This Is Not Done, The Lead ...
Rules Useful Tables
Useful Tables, Rules, Etc. The Experience Of Practical Plumbers Has Resulted In The Accumulation Of A Great Mass Of Useful Information Which Has Been Embodied In The Convenient Form Of Ready Tables, Concise Practical Rules, Etc. We Now Present Such Por Tions Of This Accumulated Fund Of Information As Will ...
Sewer And Connections
Sewer And Connections About The First Thing To Be Considered In The Layout Of Any Plumbing Is The Sewer. This Is Usually Constructed Of Salt-glazed Vitrified Sewer-pipe, Laid To An Even Grade, With The Joints Well Cemented With Portland Cement And Clean Sharp Sand In The Proportions Of 1 Part ...
Steam Heating
Steam Heating Steam Heating Is Unlike Hot-air Heating In Principle, As Well As In Results Attained. In Heating A Room With Hot Air, The Register Distrib Utes The Heated Air To The Room, This Warm Air Ascending To The Ceiling, And Then Descending To The Floor As It Becomes Heavier ...
Temperature Regulation
Temperature Regulation No Heating Apparatus Can Be Considered Fully Complete Unless Equipped With Some Form Of Device Which Provides A Method For Automatic Ally Regulating The Draught And Check Doors Of The Heater To Accord With The Varying Tempera Tures Of The Rooms In The Building. However, Only A Small ...
Testing The Plumbing
Testing The Plumbing After A Job Has Been Roughed-in, And Before Being Covered Up, It Should Be Thoroughly Tested, To Obviate The Necessity For Any Tearing-up Of Floors Or Removal Of Plaster In Order To Locate And Repair Leaks That May Show Up After The Fixtures Are Set. Oily Waste ...
The Chimney Flue
The Chimney Flue In The Construction Of A Building, There Is One Feature Or Part Of It The Efficiency Of Which Is Frequently Overlooked Or Given But Scant Attention. We Refer To The Chimney Flue. The Perfect Working Of Any One Of The Various Types Of Modern Heating Apparatus Depends ...
Vacuum And Vapor Heating
Vacuum And Vapor Heating Properly To Understand Vacuum And Vapor Heating, It Is Necessary Not Only To Have Knowledge Of The Meaning And Applications Of These Terms, But Also To Understand The Reasons For The Application Of The Principles To Heating Apparatus. In All Standard Dictionaries A Vacuum Is Defined ...
Valves
Valves Kinds Of Valves. Valves As Used On Steam Or Hot-water Piping Are Of Two Principal Vari Eties—namely, The Globe Or Angle Type, Shown In Fig. 79; And The Gate Valve, Shown In Fig. 80. The Former Style Is Adapted For Steam Work, And, In Its Interior Construction, Has A ...
Ventilation
Ventilation By Ventilation Is Meant The Process Of Chang Ing Or Renewing The Air In A Building In Order That The Supply May Remain As Pure As Possible And Be In Such A State As To Be Healthful For Breathing Purposes. This Is A Subject Which, Unfortunately, Until Recent Years, ...
Why A Pump Works
Why A Pump Works The Common Lift-pump, Shown M Fig. 112. Has Long Been Known, And Has Been Used Exten Sively Since Its Construction. Its General Ap Pearance And Method Of Operation Are No Doubt Familiar To All Readers Of This Treatise. But Why Does It Work ? The Hollow ...